中国西部五省3岁以下儿童贫血患病状况调查

目的 了解中国西部贫困农村儿童的贫血患病率状况及筛选影响儿童血红蛋白水平的有关因素。方法 采用分层随机抽样的方法,对中国西部五省40个县的3747户有3岁以下儿童的家庭进行调查。将所有资料采用Epi 6.0软件建立数据库及检错程序,采用两次录入法,用SPSS 10.0统计软件完成所有的统计学分析。结果 40个县3岁以下儿童的贫血患病率为32.5％;各省间差异明显,贵州省最高为43.5％,宁夏、青海两省(区)较低,约20.0％;6～18月龄儿童的患病率较高,以后贫血患病率随着儿童月龄的增加而下降。与儿童贫血相关的主要因素有喂养方式、儿童的月龄、腹泻、家庭收入、母亲是否贫血以及清洁的饮用水等。结论 普及科学喂养知识,注意饮用水的清洁卫生,减少腹泻等常见病的发病率将有助于降低当地儿童的贫血患病率。

Analysis on the prevalence of anemia among children under 3-year-old in 5 provinces in Western China

Objective To understand the prevalence of anemia in children living in poor ruralvillages in western China and to find out related factors affecting hemoglobin level of children so as to searchfor proper intervention. Methods 3747 children under 3 years old and their families were studied usingstratified random sampling in 40 counties in western China. Databases were set up, and data logicallychecked by Epi 6. 0 software. All the data were input with duplication method and analyzed by SPSS 10. 0software. Results The prevalence of anemia of children under 3--year--old was 32. 7% in 40 counties withsignificant difference among provinces with the highest in Guizhou province (43. 5%). The lowest was inNingxia and Qinghai provinces, which was 20%. The prevalence of anemia of children was relatively highin 6 and 18 months of age after birth, but declining when children grew older. Many factors wereassociated with children's anemia, viz. feeding pattern, age, diarrhea, family income, nationality, motherwith anemia and drinking clean water etc. Conclusion Interventions as popularizing knowledge ofappropriate feeding, drinking clean water and decreasing the prevalence of common diseases includingdiarrhea would decrease the prevalence of anemia of local children.