老年脑血管病病人跌倒的危险因素调查

[目的]了解老年脑血管病病人跌倒的发生情况及危险因素,为采取有效的护理措施提供依据.[方法]对12个月内有跌倒史的老年脑血管病病人56例进行调查,并进行平衡功能、环境安全评定.[结果]跌倒与急性脑血管病发作相关占23.2%,发生在日常生活活动中的占62.5%;平衡功能测试83.9%的病人不能完成单腿站立5 s,半数病人出现行走中即刻站立-转身延迟,1/3的病人转身180度完成困难.[结论]老年脑血管病病人跌倒的发生与急性脑血管病,平衡功能下降有关.加强对脑血管病的防治、预防日常生活活动中发生跌倒、重视室内环境安全及室内陪伴、加强平衡功能训练及健康教育有助于减少老年脑血管病病人跌倒的发生.

A survey of risk factors of falling down in senile cerebrovascular diseases patients and nursing care of them

Objective: To get information about the conditions of old cerebrovascular disease patients falling down and its risk factors, in order to provide some bases for taking effective nursing countermeasures. Method: A total of 56 old cerebrovascular disease patients with the history of tumble within 12 months were investigated and assessments were made on their equilibrium function and environment safety. Results: Falling down of 23.2% cases were related with their attacks of acute cerebrovascular diseases. Tumble happened in daily life activity accounted for 62.5%. Totally 83.9% of patients can't stand on one leg for 5 seconds when they accepted equilibrium function test. Half of them had immediate floor standup-turnover delay when they were walking. And one third of the cases had difficulties in turning around 180 degree. Conclusion: The incidence of tumble among senile cerebrovascular disease patients was associated with both acute cerebrovascular disease itself and the decrease of equilibrium function of them. To decrease the incidence of falling down in cerebrovascular disease cases, one should strengthen the prevention and treatment of cerebrovascular diseases, prevent tumble during their daily life activities, pay attention to indoor environment safety and accompany, and strengthen their equilibrium function training and health education.