1993-2010年张掖市甘州区麻疹流行特征分析及防控措施

目的明确张掖市甘州区麻疹流行现状和流行病学特征,制定有效的防治策略,为消除麻疹提供科学依据。方法对监测报表和全国麻疹监测系统(MSS)的资料进行回顾性总结,采用描述流行病学方法并利用Excel和EPI info 6.0软件对监测信息进行统计分析。结果 1993-2010年全区共报告麻疹1189例,男女性别比为1.49∶1,平均发病率13.82/10万;前5位的发病地区占总发病数的87.62%;流动人口占发病总人口的14.48%;甘州区麻疹流行有明显周期性,平均每隔4年流行一次,发病率出现"双向移位"现象。结论甘州区流动人口(外县区)麻疹发病位居全部发病的第二位,提示流动人口仍是甘州区麻疹防控的难点;甘州区麻疹流行特征已经转变为"双向移位",应及时调整麻疹防控措施。

Analysis of epidemiological features of measles in Ganzhou from 1993 to 2010

Objective To determine the epidemiological status of measles in Ganzhou district in order to prevent and control this disease.Methods A retrospective analysis was made to the data collected in the National Measles Surveillance System and monitor spots from 1993 to 2010.Epi info 6.0 software was used to analyze the data.Results A total of 1189 cases were reported with the average incidence rate of 13.82/100,000 population.The male-female ratio was 1.49∶1.Out of all cases,1050 were found from five regions,accounting for 87.62% of total patients,and the majority was floating residents in the area(14.48%).The outbreak of measles occurred periodically by every 4 years,and also the incidence showed as "bidirectional shift" pattern.Conclusions The incidence of measles among floating population in Ganzhou is still high,which toughens the prevention and eradication.Because of with the shift of its epidemic features,our preventive and control strategies need to be changed.