MRI differentiation of recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma from postradiation fibrosis

A prospective study was performed to determine the usefulness of magnetic imaging (MRI) in differentiating local recurrence versus post-irradiation fibrosis in 72 patients after radiotherapy of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). All patients had a soft-tissue mass in the nasopharynx demonstrated by computed tomography. A total of 29 patients had tumor recurrence; 40 patients had only radiation fibrosis; 1 patient had postradiation edema and 2 patients had inflammatory changes. Based on the differences in signal intensity on T2-weighted Images, MRI may be promising as a noninvasive method for differentlating radiation fibrosis from local recurrent NPC. However, the signal intensity pattern of the tumor is not specific and may be seen in radiation edema and infection.