获益支持在NICU护士心理复原力与死亡焦虑间的中介作用

目的 探讨新生儿重症监护室(neonatal intensive care unit，NICU)护士获益支持在心理复原力与死亡焦虑间的中介作用。 方法 选取西安市六家三甲医院NICU护士237名作为研究对象，采用一般资料调查表、获益目标回应感知量表、心理复原力量表、死亡焦虑量表进行线上问卷调查，分析变量之间的相关性，并建立研究变量间的结构方程模型，验证获益支持的中介效应。 结果 NICU护士死亡焦虑得分为(8.12±3.02)分。心理复原力与主动-建构回应呈明显正相关关系(r=0.571，P < 0.01)，与获益支持其余3个维度、死亡焦虑均呈明显负相关关系(r=-0.601、-0.614、-0.455、-0.656，P < 0.01)；死亡焦虑与主动-建构回应呈明显负相关关系(r=-0.691，P < 0.01)，与获益支持其余3个维度均呈明显正相关关系(r=0.628、0.711、0.436，P < 0.01)。结构方程模型结果显示，心理复原力通过主动-建构回应对死亡焦虑的影响，中介效应为15.38%，心理复原力通过主动-破坏回应对死亡焦虑的影响，中介效应为16.48%。 结论 在NICU护理管理中，可利用主动-建构回应方式，使护士保持心理健康，减轻死亡焦虑的程度，为患儿提供更高质量的护理。

Mediating effect of benefit support on psychological resilience and death anxiety of NICU nurses

Objective To explore the mediating effect of neonatal intensive care unit(NICU) nurses′ benefit support on psychological resilience and death anxiety. Methods A total of 237 NICU nurses from six tertiary grade A hospitals in Xi′an were selected as the research object.The general information questionnaire, benefit target response perception scale, psychological resilience scale and death anxiety scale were used for online questionnaire survey to analyze the correlation between variables, and establish a structural equation model between research variables to verify the mediating effect of benefit support. Results The death anxiety score of NICU nurses was(8.12 ± 3.02).Mental resilience was significantly positively correlated with active-constructive response(r=0.571, P < 0.01), but significantly negatively correlated with the other three dimensions of benefit support and death anxiety(r=-0.601, -0.614, -0.455, -0.656, P < 0.01).Death anxiety was significantly negatively correlated with active-constructive response(r=-0.691, P < 0.01), and significantly positively correlated with the other three dimensions of benefit support(r=0.628, 0.711, 0.436, P < 0.01).The results of structural equation model showed that the mediating effect of psychological resilience on death anxiety through active-constructive response was 15.38%, and the mediating effect of psychological resilience on death anxiety through active-destructive response was 16.48%. Conclusions On the nursing management of NICU, active-constructive response should be used to keep nurses in mental health, reduce the degree of death anxiety and provide higher quality nursing for children.