The association between personal habits and bladder cancer in Turkey |
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Authors: | Fuat Demirel Murat Cakan Fatih Yalç?nkaya Murat Topcuoglu Ugur Altug |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Urology, SB Ankara Diskapi Training Hospital, Ankara, 06800, Turkey |
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Abstract: | Aims In this study, we analyzed the effect of Turkish coffee and black tea consumption, alcohol intake and smoking on bladder cancer.
Methods A total of 164 patients with bladder tumors and 324 individuals without primary tumors were included in the study. The habits
of coffee and tea consumption, alcohol intake and smoking were queried.
Results No association was found between bladder cancer and drinking coffee (p = 0.89) and tea (p = 0.37), but alcohol intake was found to be associated, with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.85 (95% CI 1.15–2.96; p = 0.009). While there was a relationship between bladder cancer and smoking and quitting smoking (OR: 4.84 95% CI 2.93–8.00;
p < 0.001] and OR: 4.10 95% CI 2.41–6.97; p < 0.001] respectively), the associations between bladder cancer and smoking and quitting smoking were similar (OR: 1.18,
95% CI 0.74–1.86; p = 0.477). Smoking <10 cigarettes a day created an OR of 2.14 (95% CI 1.11–4.12; p < 0.001); 10–20 cigarettes an OR of 4.50 (95% CI 2.74–7.37; p < 0.001); >20 cigarettes an OR of 14.85 (95% CI 6.83–32.27; p < 0.001); smoking by inhaling the smoke an OR of 4.72 (95% CI 2.94–7.59; p < 0.001), and smoking by not inhaling the smoke an OR of 3.34 (95% CI 1.75–6.38; p < 0.001). The associations between bladder cancer and inhaling smoke and not inhaling smoke were similar (OR: 1.41, 95% CI
0.85–2.48; p = 0.228).
Conclusion We found that smoking and alcohol consumption are closely connected with bladder cancer. Our data showed that not inhaling
the smoke was as much associated with bladder cancer as inhaling the smoke. The association between smoking and bladder cancer
lasts after quitting smoking. |
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Keywords: | Bladder cancer Epidemiology Personal habits |
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