2型糖尿病患者生活视力损伤调查及相关因素分析

目的分析2型糖尿病患者生活视力损伤的患病情况及其影响因素。方法采用横断面调查,选择2018年1月—2019年1月新疆北疆地区2366名2型糖尿病患者,开展问卷调查;测量双眼生活视力,采集双眼视网膜图像;计算受检者不同程度视力损伤和盲的检出率,采用单因素分析和多因素Logistic回归分析明确视力损伤的危险因素。结果2366名受检者有2247人纳入分析,生活视力损伤613人(27.3%),其中轻度视力损伤328人(14.6%)、中到重度视力损伤270人(12.0%)、盲15人(0.7%);糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)患者523人、检出率23.3%,威胁视力的DR(VTDR)患者248人、检出率11.0%;视力损伤中,143人患DR(23.3%)、470人无DR(76.7%);多因素Logistic回归模型分析,年龄、文化程度、医保类型和治疗方式是影响2型糖尿病患者视力损伤的独立危险因素。结论新疆2型糖尿病患者视力损伤的患病率较高;应加强2型糖尿病患者的眼部健康意识,早期开展眼部筛查,积极防治,减少患者的视力损伤。

Investigation on impairment of presenting visual acuity in type 2 diabetes and its related influencing factors

Objective To investigate the situation of impairment of presenting visual acuity and its related influencing factors in the patients with type 2 diabetes.Methods There were 2366 cases of type 2 diabetes selected in the northern Xinjiang from January 2018 to January 2019 for questionnaire survey with a cross-section study.The binocular visual acuity was measured,and the retinal images of both eyes were collected.The detection rate of different grades of version impairment and blindness in the patients were calculated.Univariate analysis and multivariate Logistic regression were taken for analyzing the risk factors of visual impairment.Results Out of the 2366 eligible cases,2247 cases were analyzed.There were 613 cases with visual impairment(27.3%),including 328 cases of mild visual impairment(14.6%),270 cases of moderate or severe visual impairment(12.0%),15 cases of blindness(0.7%).Totally 523 cases were diabetic retinopathy(DR),with the detection rate of 23.3%,and 248 cases were vision-threatening diabetic retinopathy(VTDR),with the detection rate of 11.0%.Among the patients with visual impairment,there were 143 patients of DR(23.3%)and 470 patients without DR(76.7%).The age,educational background,type of medical insurance and the treatment method were the independent risk factors influenced the visual impairment of type 2 diabetes by multivariate Logistic regression analysis.Conclusions The prevalence of visual impairment in diabetic patients is high in Xinjiang.The health consciousness of eyes should be strengthened in the patients with type 2 diabetes.The earlier eye screening and active treatment could decrease the visual impairment.