临床实习护生心理健康状况调查及干预对策

目的:调查临床实习护生心理健康状况及其相关因素,寻求有效的干预对策。方法:采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)及自行设计调查表对112名临床实习护生进行问卷调查。结果:护理专业女大学生SCL-90躯体化、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖、偏执、精神病性等7个因子分均明显高于全国青年常模,差异有统计学意义(P0.05或P0.001),而强迫症状、敌对等因子分与全国青年常模比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。相对本科临床实习护生,专科实习护生SCL-90抑郁、焦虑、偏执等因子分更高(P0.05)。家庭经济条件差、非自已选择专业、不喜欢护理专业、对就业感到悲观、实习工作压力大、不喜欢向人倾诉、来自农村等是其心理健康的主要影响因素。结论:临床实习护生心理健康存在一定的问题,带教老师应及时开展形式多样的心理干预,提高护生的心理健康水平。

Investigation and intervention Strategy of Mental health status of college nursing student during clinical internship

Objective ： To investigate the mental health status of college nursing student during clinical internship and find out effective intervention strategy. Methods：A total of 112 college nursing practitioners were tested by symptoms checklist 90 （SCL - 90）and the self- designed questionnaire of risk factors related to mental health status. Results ：The scores of seven factors including somatization, sensitivity, depression, anxiety, phobia, paranoia, psychosis were higher than those of youth norm in China, and the difference was significant （ P 〈 0. 001 or P 〈 0.05 ）. On the other hand, There was no significant difference in the scores of compulsion and hostility factor （ P 〉 0. 05） . The diploma nursing students reported the higher score of three factors including depression, anxiety, paranoia in SCL - 90 than that reported by bachelor degree nursing students （P 〈 0.05 ）. Our analysis showed that the scores of separate factors of SCL - 90 were associated with condition of family economy, preference or objection to nursing specialties, employment, high pressure of study, re- luctance to talk to others when having mental problems, rural origin and so on. Conclusion ： Mental problems exist in the college nursing students during clinical internship. It is vital for our teachers to carry out various kinds of activities on active mental interference, and improve students ＇ mental health.