抑郁发作患者焦虑症状与自杀倾向相关性研究

目的探讨抑郁发作患者焦虑症状严重性与自杀倾向的关系。方法收集连续入院的符合中国精神疾病分类方案和诊断标准第3版抑郁发作诊断标准的患者73例。根据2周内有无自杀行为,分自杀倾向组(32例)和无自杀倾向组(41例)。对两组患者的人口统计学资料、自杀倾向、精神症状、焦虑症状进行对照分析。结果两组之间的汉密顿抑郁量表和焦虑自评量表总分差异无显著性。但自杀倾向组的汉密顿焦虑量表总分[(25.5±4.5)分],精神性焦虑因子分[(13.5±2.8)分];无自杀倾向组汉密顿焦虑量表总分[(23.2±4.3)分],精神性焦虑因子分[(10.6±3.4)分],两组差异有显著性(P<0.05;P<0.001)。Logistic回归方程分析发现汉密顿焦虑量表总分与自杀倾向的相关性较小(P>0.05),精神性焦虑因子分对自杀有显著性(P<0.01)。结论抑郁发作患者的焦虑症状与自杀存在显著的相关性,但由于焦虑加重了抑郁发作患者的自杀倾向,还是焦虑和自杀作为抑郁发作患者同时存在的症状,目前尚不清楚。

Study of relationship between anxiety and suicide in major depression

ObjectiveTo explore the relationship of anxiety symptoms at index hospitalization to a suicide attempt in patients with depressive episode. MethodsA total of 73 inpatients with at least one depressive episode, with or without a history of a suicide attempt, were entered into the study. There were two groups was compared, 31 with suicide attempters,42 with suicide nonattempters. They were given semi-structured diagnostic interviews for CCMD-3.Suiciders in family history, demographic characteristic, and current depression and anxiety symptoms were also assessed. ResultsThe rates of anxiety symptoms showed significant differ in the suicide attempters and nonattempters.Mental anxiety factor in HAMA were more severe in the suicide attempter group(P=0.027;P=0.0003). The effects of mental anxiety for suicide attempt were confirmed in a Logistic regression analysis(P=0.005).ConclusionComorbid anxiety symptoms in patients with major depression seem to increase the risk for suicide attempt in major depressive episode. The presence of greater anxiety in the attempters warrants further investigation.