The Potential of Combined Immunotherapy and Antiangiogenesis for the Synergistic Treatment of Advanced NSCLC |
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| Institution: | 1. Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany;2. Department of Pulmonary Diseases, GROW–School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands;3. Department of Thoracic Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida;4. Department of Medical Oncology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan;5. Oncology Department, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen, United Kingdom;6. Department of Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland;7. Department of Thoracic Oncology, Lung Clinic Grosshansdorf, Airway Research Center North, Grosshansdorf, Germany;8. Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong General Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, People''s Republic of China;9. Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, Norway;10. Medical Oncology Department, Perugia University Medical School, Perugia, Italy;11. Vall d''Hebron University Hospital and Vall d''Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain;12. Department of Oncology, University of Leicester and Leicester University Hospitals, Leicester, United Kingdom;13. Servicio de Oncología Médica, IRYCIS Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain;14. Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, University Hospital, Division of Respiratory Medicine and Thoracic Oncology, Münich, Germany;15. Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Département d''Innovation Thérapeutique et d''Essais Précoces, INSERM U1015, Villejuif, France;p. Department of Regenerative Medicine and Immune Regulation, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland;q. Department of Radiation Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Université Claude Bernard, Lyon, France;r. Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy;s. Département de Cancérologie, Médicale Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France;t. Department of Pulmonary Diseases and Department of Thoracic Oncology, VU University Medical Centre, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;u. Oncology Unit GPP, Sotiria General Hospital, Athens University School of Medicine, Athens, Greece;v. Thoracic Oncology, Antwerp University Hospital and Ghent University, Edegem, Belgium;w. Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia;x. Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan;y. Department of Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Shanghai, People''s Republic of China;z. Department of Medicine, University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois |
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| Abstract: | Over the past few years, there have been considerable advances in the treatments available to patients with metastatic or locally advanced NSCLC, particularly those who have progressed during first-line treatment. Some of the treatment options available to patients are discussed here, with a focus on checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapies (nivolumab and pembrolizumab) and antiangiogenic agents (bevacizumab, ramucirumab, and nintedanib). It is hypothesized that combining immunotherapy with antiangiogenic treatment may have a synergistic effect and enhance the efficacy of both treatments. In this review, we explore the theory and potential of this novel treatment option for patients with advanced NSCLC. We discuss the growing body of evidence that proangiogenic factors can modulate the immune response (both by reducing T-cell infiltration into the tumor microenvironment and through systemic effects on immune-regulatory cell function), and we examine the preclinical evidence for combining these treatments. Potential challenges are also considered, and we review the preliminary evidence of clinical efficacy and safety with this novel combination in a variety of solid tumor types. |
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| Keywords: | Antiangiogenesis Combination therapy Immunotherapy NSCLC |
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