重庆城区儿童青春期发动时相现况及与肥胖的相关研究

目的调查重庆主城区8～19岁学生青春期发育现状及与肥胖的相关关系。方法采用多阶段分层整群抽样,对3046名中小学生进行青春期发育调查,内容包括青春期发动问卷(PDS)调查;体格检查包括身高、体重,男童外生殖器、阴毛、睾丸容积,女童乳房、阴毛发育检查;并运用概率单位回归法计算各分期年龄,采用Spearman秩相关分析青春期发动时相提前与肥胖的关系。结果女童乳房B2期平均年龄为11.51岁,阴毛FP2期平均年龄为13.93岁,月经初潮平均年龄为12.29岁;男童外生殖器G2期平均年龄为13.13岁,阴毛MP2期平均年龄13.62岁,睾丸容积达4ml平均年龄为11.67岁,男生首次遗精平均年龄为13.57岁;女生青春期发动提前组超重、肥胖比例大于发育正常组,且存在秩相关(P<0.01)。结论重庆城区女生青春期发动和性发育明显提前,且与肥胖存在相关关系。

Analysis on iodine nutritional status and thyroid function in pregnant women

Objective To investigate the iodine nutritional status and thyroid function of pregnant women during different periods of pregnancy,to provide evidence for guiding iodine supplementation for them.Methods A cross-sectional survey was performed in 90 pregnant women in Wuwei City from April 2009 to January 2010.The morning blood samples and random urine samples were collected,and the thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH),free triiodothyronine(FT3),free thyroid hormone(FT4),thyroglobulin antibodies(TGAb),thyroid microsomal antibodies(TMAb) in blood samples and iodine in urine samples were detected.Results The medians of urinary iodine were 231.49,158.25 and 328.35μg/L for women in early,middle and late period of pregnancy,The ratio of urinary iodine below 150μg/L were 39.29%,45.16% and 25.81%,respectively.The FT3,FT4 levels in the first trimester were higher than those in the third trimester(P<0.05) and TSH level was increased,but no significant difference(P>0.05).The positive rate of TGAb and TMAb antibody of pregnant women in different period of time were not significantly different(P>0.05).The incidence of thyroid function disorder was significantly different in different gestation periods.Conclusion Generally,the iodine nutritional status of these pregnant women was appropriate,but there was a tendency towards hypothyroid in some women.Monitoring urinary iodine and thyroid function in pregnant women should be carried out regularly.