肺炎衣原体感染与小儿哮喘发作

为了解肺炎衣原体（Cpn）感染与小儿哮喘之间的关系，并探讨哮喘患儿Cpn感染的诊断及治疗，采用微量免疫荧光（MIF）试验及巢式聚合酶链式反应（nPCR）2种方法对45例哮喘发作期患儿及20例正常对照组进行Cpn检测。结果：①哮喘组14例nPCR检测阳性，对照组1例阳性，两者相比差异有显著性（P＜0．05），表明Cpn感染与小儿哮喘发作密切相关。②14例nPCR检测阳性患儿在随后的发作中5例（35．71％）仍为阳性，表明哮喘患儿中慢性或重复Cpn感染较常见。③就诊或住院后5例Cpn感染哮喘患儿接受了大环内酯类抗生素治疗，其中3例病情缓解，表明对Cpn感染哮喘患儿进行抗Cpn治疗是必要的。④经全自动荧光测序，随机抽取的2例阳性标本和Cpn标准株（CWL－29）的nPCR产物的DNA序列完全一致。

Chlamydia pneumoniae infection and asthma attack in children

In order to study the relationship between the Chlamydia pneumoniae(Cpn)infection and asthma attack in children,and the diagnosis and treatment of Cpn infection in children with asthma,serum antibody to Cpn were determined by microimmunofluorescence(MIF)test and pharyngeal swab specimens for Cpn DNA detection were analyzed by nested polymerase chain reaction(nPCR) in 45 children patients and 20 controls,respectively.The results showed that Cpn was detected by nPCR technique in 14/45(31.11%)cases and 1/20(5%)controls,with a significant difference(P<0.05).Five of fourteen cases (35.71%)who were nPCR positive on a primary report remained the same on their subsequent reported episode.These data suggested that chronic or repeated Cpn infection is common in asthmatic children.After admitted in hospital,five asthmatic children who were nPCR positive on two episodes were treated with macrolide antibiotics,3 of these 5 children achieved remission.The results suggested that antichlamydial therapy to asthmatic children with Cpn infection is essential.The DNA sequences of the two positive cases that were selected randomly were completely consistent with that of Cpn standard line.