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Immunogenicity and safety of the human papillomavirus vaccine in patients with autoimmune diseases: A systematic review
Affiliation:1. Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University Hospital “Luigi Sacco”, Università di Milano, 20157 Milan, Italy;2. Scientific Institute, IRCCS E. Medea, 23842 Bosisio Parini, Lecco, Italy;3. Unit of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Institute of Neuroscience, University Hospital “Luigi Sacco”, Università di Milano, 20157 Milan, Italy;1. School of Science, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand;2. Animal Health Trust, Lanwades Park, Kentford, Newmarket CB8 7UU, United Kingdom;1. Dept. of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden;2. International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France;3. Dept. of Clinical Pathology, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden;1. Ontario Cancer Institute, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 2M9;2. Department of Biostatistics, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 2M9;3. Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 2M9;4. Medicine and Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Canada M5G 2M9;1. Section of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States;2. Center for Biostatistics in AIDS Research, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, United States;3. Department of Pediatrics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 19954, United States;4. Formerly Center for Biostatistics in AIDS Research, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, United States;5. Office of Science, Food & Drug Administration; Silver Spring, MD 20993, United States;6. Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States;7. Quest Diagnostics, Baltimore, MD, United States;8. Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, United States;9. Section of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States;10. Section of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Departments of Pediatrics, Medicine, and Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, United States;1. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Galilee Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Bar Ilan University, Nahariya, Israel;2. Division of Reproductive Endocrinology – IVF, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Carmel Medical Center, Bruce & Ruth Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel;1. Department of Public Health, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan;2. Nagoya City University, School of Nursing, Nagoya, Japan;3. Department of Community Health and Clinical Epidemiology, St. Mary''s College, Kurume, Japan;4. Clinical Epidemiology Research Center, Medical Co. LTA, Fukuoka, Japan;5. College of Healthcare Management, Miyama, Japan
Abstract:Whereas safety and efficacy of HPV vaccines in healthy women have been shown in several randomised controlled clinical trials and in post marketing analyses, only few data exist in patients affected by autoimmune diseases. These issues are significant as autoimmune conditions are recognised as a risk factor for the persistence of HPV infection. Herein we review and systematise the existing literature to assess immunogenicity and safety of HPV vaccination in patients with autoimmune diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus and juvenile idiopathic arthritis.The results of our literature revision suggest that the HPV vaccines are efficacious and safe in most of the patients affected by autoimmune diseases. Yet, some points of concern remain to be tackled, including the effects of concomitant therapies, the risk of disease exacerbation and the cost-effectiveness of such immunisation programmes in these populations.
Keywords:HPV vaccines  Autoimmune diseases  Safety  Cost-effectiveness
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