Influenza vaccine effectiveness against hospitalisation with influenza in adults in Australia in 2014 |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia;2. Infection Prevention and Healthcare Epidemiology Unit, Alfred Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia;3. Department of Allergy, Immunology and Respiratory Medicine, Alfred Health and Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia;4. ACT Health Directorate, Canberra, Australia;1. School of Public Health and Community Medicine, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia;2. The National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance of Vaccine Preventable Diseases, Sydney, NSW, Australia;3. National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, The Australian National University, Acton, ACT, Australia;4. Kirby Institute, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia;1. PathWest Laboratory Medicine, Perth, WA, Australia;2. WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza, Melbourne, VIC, Australia;3. University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia;4. Department of Health (Western Australia), Perth, WA, Australia;1. School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, 6009, Australia;2. Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, Subiaco, Western Australia, 6008, Australia;3. Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, United States;4. Communicable Disease Control Directorate, Western Australia Department of Health, Perth, WA, 6008, Australia;1. Instituto de Salud Pública de Navarra, IdiSNA–Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain;2. CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Spain;3. Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, IdiSNA–Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain;4. Clínica Universidad de Navarra, IdiSNA–Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona, Spain;5. Centro Nacional de Microbiología (WHO National Influenza Centre–Madrid), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Spain;1. Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy;2. Dipartimento Scienze biomediche ed oncologia umana, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy;3. Dipartimento di Scienze biomediche per la salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy;4. Governo della Prevenzione e tutela sanitaria, Regione Lombardia, Milan, Italy;5. SeREMI ASL AL, Servizio Riferimento Regionale, Epidemiologia Malattie Infettive, Alessandria, Italy;6. Ospedale “Amedeo di Savoia”- Torino, Italy;7. Servizio Sanità pubblica, D. G. Sanità e Politiche sociali, Regione Emilia-Romagna, Bologna, Italy;8. Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Biotecnologiche e Traslazionali, Università degli Studi di Parma, Italy;1. National Centre of Epidemiology, Institute of Health Carlos III, Spain;2. National Centre for Microbiology, National Influenza Reference Laboratory, WHO-National Influenza Centre, Institute of Health Carlos III, Spain;3. CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Institute of Health Carlos III, Spain;4. Subdirección de Salud Pública y Adicciones de Bizkaia, Pais Vasco, Spain;5. Instituto de Salud Pública, Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain;6. Dirección General de Salud Pública, Consejería de Sanidad de Castilla y León, Valladolid, Spain;7. Servicio de Epidemiología y Prevención Sanitaria, Dirección General de Salud Pública y Consumo de La Rioja, La Rioja, Spain;8. Servicio de Epidemiología, Dirección General de Salut Pública, Mallorca, Baleares, Spain;9. Servicio de Epidemiología. DGSC, Consejería de Bienestar Social y Sanidad, Ciudad Autónoma de Melilla, Spain |
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| Abstract: | We provide estimates of the influenza vaccine protection against hospitalisation with laboratory-confirmed influenza in the 2014 Australian season where the A/H1N1/pdm09 strain predominated. This was performed using a case-test negative study design as part of a national sentinel surveillance system in Australia. Vaccine effectiveness was estimated as (1-OR) × 100% where the odds ratio of vaccination in cases vs test negative participants was estimated from a conditional logistic regression. Between April and November, 1692 adult patients were admitted with laboratory-confirmed influenza. Vaccine effectiveness was estimated from 1283 patients with influenza and 1116 test negative patients where vaccination status was ascertained. Vaccination was associated with a reduction in the risk of hospitalisation with influenza of 51.5% (95% CI: 41.6%, 59.7%) in all patients, and a reduction of 50.7% (95% CI: 40.1%, 59.3%) in the target population for vaccination. We estimate that the influenza vaccine was moderately protective against hospitalisation with laboratory-confirmed influenza during the 2014 influenza season in Australia. |
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| Keywords: | Influenza vaccination Test negative design Vaccine effectiveness Hospitalisation |
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