Immunogenicity and persistence from different 3-dose schedules of live and inactivated polio vaccines in Chinese infants |
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| Institution: | 1. Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, PR China;2. ChaoYang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, PR China;3. ChangPing District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, PR China;4. TongZhou District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, PR China;1. Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 443-749, Republic of Korea;2. Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, CT 06511, USA;3. Division of Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012, Republic of Korea;1. Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, New Mexico;2. Center for Infectious Disease and Immunity, The University of New Mexico Health Science Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico;3. Department of Internal Medicine, The University of New Mexico Health Science Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico;1. Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, CO 80045, USA;2. Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, Mexico City, Mexico;3. Laboratorio de Infectologia, Microbiología e Inmunología Clínicas, Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico;4. Committe on Tropical Medicine, Zoonoses and Travel Medicine, Colombian Association of Infectious Diseases, Bogota, Colombia;5. Public Health and Infection Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira, Pereira, Colombia;6. International Association of Immunization Managers, Washington, DC, USA;7. Department of Immunization and Vaccines, WHO, Geneva, Switzerland;1. Department of Community Medicine, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital & Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria;2. National Primary Health Care Development Agency, Abuja, Nigeria;3. World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland;4. Department of Pediatrics, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital & Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria;5. World Health Organization, Abuja, Nigeria;6. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States;7. Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, USA;1. Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan;2. Clinical Research Center, Nagasaki University Hospital, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan |
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| Abstract: | BackgroundOPV is the only poliovirus vaccine used in the China EPI system, although IPV is available in the private market. We compared immunigencity and persistence among different schedules of IPV and OPV.Methods536 Chinese infants were enrolled into 4 groups receiving different schedules administered at 2, 3, and 4 months of age: IPV–OPV–OPV, IPV–IPV–OPV, IPV–IPV–IPV, and OPV–OPV–OPV. The I–I–I group received an 18-month IPV booster dose. Blood samples were collected before the first dose, after the third dose, and at 18 months for all groups, and also after the booster dose for the I–I–I group. Polio neutralizing antibody titers were assessed, and seroprotection rates were calculated after primary immunization and at 18 months of age.ResultsBefore the first dose, GMTs of the 4 groups ranged from 2.96 to 6.89, and seroprotection rates ranged from 17.6% to 54.3%. After 3 doses, the GMT of the I–O–O and I–I–O groups ranged from 901.09 to 1,110.12, and the GMT of the I–I–I group range was 212.02 to 537.52, significantly lower than for the 2 sequential schedules (P < 0.001). Seroprotection rates were 98.1% to 100%, with no significant differences among groups. At 18 months of age, the GMTs declined to a range of 527.00 to 683.44 in the I–O–O and I–I–O groups, and declined to 150.04 to 239.89 in the I–I–I group, significantly lower than for the other 3 groups (P < 0.001).ConclusionsThe sequential schedules achieved high GMTs and seroprotection. The IPV-only schedule achieved high seroprotection but with lower GMTs. Sequential schedules are suitable for China. With the 2 sequential schedules, GMTs remained high at 18 months of age and were not inferior to the OPV-only schedule. Thus, with a sequential schedule, the booster dose could be given at 4 years of age, the same age as the current OPV booster dose. |
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| Keywords: | Polio vaccine OPV IPV Sequential schedule Immunogencity Persistence |
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