Novel pseudorabies virus variant with defects in TK,gE and gI protects growing pigs against lethal challenge |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, School of Basic Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, PR China;2. Guangzhou Hoffmann Institute of Immunology, School of Basic Science, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, PR China;3. Guangdong Haid Group Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 511400, PR China;1. Institute of Molecular Virology and Cell Biology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, 17493 Greifswald Insel Riems, Germany;2. Department of Experimental Animal Facilities and Biorisk Management, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, 17493 Greifswald - Insel Riems, Germany;3. Institute of Immunology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, 17493 Greifswald - Insel Riems, Germany;1. State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China;2. Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China;3. Sydney Emerging Infections and Biosecurity Institute, School of Biological Sciences and Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia;1. State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China;2. College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China |
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| Abstract: | One of the distinct features of the emerging Chinese pseudorabies virus (PRV) variant is its ability to cause severe neurological signs and high mortality in growing pigs in Bartha-K61-vaccinated pig farms. Either single- or multiple-gene-deleted live vaccine candidates have been developed; however, none was evaluated thoroughly in growing pigs. Here, we generated rSMXΔgI/gEΔTK, an attenuated PRV variant with defects in TK, gI and gE genes. The growth kinetics of the attenuated virus was similar to the wild type (wt) strain. It was safe for 1-day-old piglets. Twenty one-day-old weaned pigs were immunized intramuscularly either with 106.0 TCID50 of rSMXΔgI/gEΔTK or one dose of commercial Bartha-K61 vaccine, or with DMEM, and were challenged intranasally with 107.0 TCID50 wt virus at 28 days post vaccination. rSMXΔgI/gEΔTK elicited higher level neutralization antibody against both PRV variant SMX and Bartha-K61 strain, while Bartha-K61 vaccine elicited lower neutralization activity of antibody against SMX. After challenge, all pigs in rSMXΔgI/gEΔTK group survived without any clinical signs, while unvaccinated group showed 100% mortality, and Bartha-K61 group showed severe respiratory symptoms and 3 out of 5 pigs exhibited severe neurological signs. Pigs in rSMXΔgI/gEΔTK group gained significantly higher body weight and diminished viral excretion titer and period, compared with Bartha-K61 group. Furthermore, the safety and efficacy of rSMXΔgI/gEΔTK was also evaluated in sheep and compared with local vaccine in growing pigs. These data suggest that the attenuated strain rSMXΔgI/gEΔTK is a promising live marker vaccine candidate for PR control in the context of emerging PRV variants. |
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| Keywords: | PRV variant Marker vaccine Growing pigs Safety Efficacy |
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