Hepatic Angiomyolipomas: Ultrasonic Characteristics of 25 Patients from a Single Center |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Ultrasound, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China;2. Department of Hepatobiliary Pancreatic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China;3. Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China;1. Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Severance Hospital, Research Institute of Radiologic Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea;2. Department of Diagnostic Radiology, College of Medicine, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University, Busan, Korea;3. Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Research Institute of Radiologic Science, Biostatistics Collaboration Unit, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea;1. School of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, HuBei Province, People''s Republic of China;2. Department of Ultrasound, Wuhan General Hospital of Guangzhou Command, People''s Liberation Army, Wuhan, HuBei Province, People''s Republic of China;3. Department of Medical Engineering, Wuhan General Hospital of Guangzhou Command, People''s Liberation Army, Wuhan, HuBei Province, People''s Republic of China;1. Obstetrics and Gynecology Unit, Surgical Department, ULSS 9 \"Scaligera\", Verona, Italy;2. Pathology Unit, Service Department, ULSS9 “Scaligera”, Verona, Italy;3. Oncology Unit, Oncology Department, ULSS9 “Scaligera”, Verona, Italy;4. Radiotherapy Unit, Oncology Department, ULSS9 “Scaligera”, Verona, Italy;1. Ultrasound and Mammography Department, Bródnowski Hospital, Warsaw, Poland;2. Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland |
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| Abstract: | Twenty-five pathologically proven hepatic angiomyolipomas (AMLs) were included in the study. Ultrasonic features of hepatic AMLs were reviewed. Three types of echogenicity were observed on ultrasound examination: (i) strong hyper-echogenicity, (ii) moderate hyper-echogenicity and (iii) hypo-echogenicity. Vascular signals within tumors could be detected in 22 (88.00%) tumors as multiple punctiform, filiform or dendriform signals by color Doppler flow imaging. Based on the enhancement patterns in the arterial, portal and late phases, the features of hepatic AMLs on contrast-enhanced ultrasound were divided into four subtypes: (i) “fast in slow out” (68.00%, n = 17); (ii) “fast in same out” (16%, n = 4); (iii) “fast in fast out” (12.00%, n = 3); and (iv) “fast in uneven out” (4.00%, n = 1). Contrast-enhanced ultrasound diagnosed 22 (88.00%) tumors as benign tumors and 13 (52.00%) as hepatic AMLs. Four cases were misdiagnosed as hepatic hemangioma, five cases as focal nodular hyperplasia (total = 36.00%). The rate of correct diagnosis of hepatic AMLs increased significantly from 24.00% for ultrasound alone to 52.00% for contrast-enhanced ultrasound. Therefore, information obtained from ultrasound, color Doppler flow imaging and contrast-enhanced ultrasound should be combined to improve diagnosis. |
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| Keywords: | Hepatic angiomyolipoma Ultrasound Color Doppler flow imaging Contrast-enhanced ultrasound Pathology |
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