广州市蟑螂的种群分布与构成变化趋势分析

目的了解广州市城区蟑螂的种群分布及构成变化,为合理灭蟑提供参考。方法采用粘捕法进行监测,晚放晨收,每月监测1次;对捕获的蟑螂进行计数和分类鉴定;对数据进行分析。结果 2004-2012年的监测数据表明广州市城区有蟑螂2科2属5种,其中,主要是德国小蠊、美洲大蠊、澳洲大蠊,占98.48%~100%;德国小蠊在各种环境类型下,渐渐替代美洲大蠊,成为优势种群;在餐饮以及居民环境类型下,优势种群由美洲大蠊过渡到德国小蠊。结论自2006年起,广州市城区蟑螂优势种群已由美洲大蠊转为德国小蠊,且在各种环境类型下均占绝对优势,提示蟑螂防治重点及方法应随优势种的改变而有所变化。

Variation trend analysis of species distribution and composition of cockroaches in Guangzhou

Objective To realize the variation trend of species distribution and composition of cockroaches in Guang- zhou, and provide scientific basis for cockroach control. Methods The stick-catch method was used to survey once a month. The stick-cockroach papers were placed at night and collected in the next morning; cockroaches were coun- ted,classified and identified. Results The monitoring data from 2004 to 2012 indicated that there were 2 families, 2 generas ,5 species cockroaches in Guangzhou. Blattella germanica ,Periplaneta americana and Periplaneta australasi- ae accounted for 98.48% -100% of the total cockroaches captured. In various of environments, Blattella germanica became the dominant species gradually, replacing Periplaneta americana. In caterings and resident houses, the domi- nant species was Blattella germanica instead of Periplaneta americana. Conclusion Since 2006, the dominant species of cockroach in Guangzhou city has been replaced by Blattella germanica, indicating that emphasis and meth- od of cockroach control should be changed along with this variation.