软骨组织工程中支架材料的文献回顾

背景:目前报道的软骨组织工程支架材料,大体分为天然高分子材料、人工合成可降解材料、天然材料与合成高分子材料复合构造的新型生物材料和纳米材料4大类。目的:总结近年来国内外关于组织工程支架材料的文献,对其进行简要综述,并探讨目前存在的问题和应用前景。方法:由第一作者应用计算机检索PubMed数据库及中国期刊网全文数据库1997-01/2011-01有关软骨组织工程支架材料的文章,英文检索词为"natural polymer materials,synthetic materials,new biological materials,nanometer materials,scaffold materials,cartilage tissue engineering",中文检索词为"天然高分子材料,人工合成材料,新型生物材料,纳米材料,支架材料,软骨组织工程"。排除重复性研究,共保留33篇文献进行综述。结果与结论:软骨组织工程支架已由先前的单一材料逐渐向复合材料转变,其孔隙率更高、抗原性更低、组织相容性更好,软骨细胞的黏附及增殖更好。结合计算机辅助设计和三维打印快速成形技术,将生物可降解材料预制加工成精确形状,通过降解速率较慢的内支撑支架,维持材料支架的精确外形,研发具有一定机械强度、适当孔径和精确外观形状的可降解生物支架材料是未来的发展方向。

Literature review of scaffold materials in cartilage tissue engineering

BACKGROUND:Four types scaffold materials in cartilage tissue engineering have been reported at present,they are natural polymers,synthetic biodegradable materials,new composite biomaterials of natural materials and natural polymers,and nano-materials.OBJECTIVE:To summarize the literatures at home and abroad in recent years about scaffold materials in tissue engineering and to explore the problems and application prospects currently.METHODS:A computer-based online search of literatures related to scaffold materials in cartilage tissue engineering from January 1997 to January 2011 was performed in PubMed database and CNKI database using the Key words of "natural polymer materials,synthetic materials,new biological materials,nanometer materials,scaffold materials,cartilage tissue engineering" in English and in Chinese.A total of 33 literatures excluded repetitive studies were chosen to summarize. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Single materials of tissue engineering are gradually replaced by composite materials which have higher pore porosity,lower antigenicity,better histocompatibility,and better abilities for adhesion and proliferation of chondrocytes.Biodegradable materials can be processed with exact shapes by computer-aided design and three-dimensional printing rapid prototyping technology.The future direction of development is to develop a type of biodegradable material which has an exact shape,a certain mechanical strength and appropriate aperture based on inner support scaffolds with slow rate of degradation.