淡豆豉抗菌活性及化学成分分析

目的:研究传统发酵中药淡豆豉的抗菌活性及化学成分。方法:淡豆豉80%乙醇提取物用适量蒸馏水混悬,依次用石油醚、乙酸乙酯及水饱和正丁醇萃取,得石油醚、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇萃取部分及水层,利用体外抗菌法筛选和追踪抗菌活性部分,采用硅胶柱色谱等方法及制备HPLC对抗菌活性最强部分进行分离纯化,得单体化合物,并根据化合物的理化性质和1H-NMR,13C-NMR,MS等波谱数据鉴定其结构。结果:淡豆豉80%乙醇提取物的乙酸乙酯萃取部分显示最强的抗菌活性,该有效部分对呼吸道致病菌及其他常见致病菌均显示较强的抗菌活性,正丁醇萃取部分和石油醚萃取部分次之。从乙酸乙酯萃取部分分离得到18个化合物,鉴定了其中11个化合物的化学结构,分别为大豆素(1),大豆苷(2),染料木素(3),染料木苷(4),黄豆黄素(5),黄豆黄苷(6),胡萝卜苷(7),胸腺嘧啶(8),腺嘌呤(9),尿嘧啶(10),尿苷(11)。结论:淡豆豉80%乙醇提取物的乙酸乙酯萃取部分抗菌效果明显。化合物1～6为异黄酮类;化合物7～11为首次从该药材中分离得到。

Antibacterial Activity and Chemical Constituents of Sojae Semen Praeparatum

Objective:To study the antibacterial activity and chemical constituents of Sojae Semen Praeparatum as a traditional Chinese medicine. Method:Sojae Semen Praeparatum was extracted with 80% ethanol,and the extracts were suspended in an appropriate amount of distilled water and extracted with petroleum ether,ethyl acetate and water saturated n-butanol in turn. The antibacterial activity in vitro was used for screening the active fractions. Using activity-guided-isolation,the active fractions were isolated and purified by silica gel column chromatography and preparative HPLC and other methods. Their structures were identified by physicochemical properties and spectroscopic analysis, such as ¹H-NMR,¹³C-NMR and MS. Result:The ethyl acetate fraction of 80% ethanol extract from Sojae Semen Praeparatum showed a stronger activity and was studied further. Eighteen compounds were isolated, and eleven compounds were identified as daidzein (1),daidzin (2),genistein (3),genistin (4),glycitein (5),glycitin (6),daucosterol (7),thymine (8),adenine (9),uracil (10),uridine (11). Conclusion:The ethyl acetate fraction of 80% ethanol extract from Sojae Semen Praeparatum shows an antibacterial activity. Compounds 1-6 are isoflavones. Compounds 7-11 are isolated from Sojae Semen Praeparatum for the first time.