国内外产西洋参挥发性成分的HS-SPME/GC-MS比较

目的:对不同产地与不同年限的西洋参的挥发性化学成分进行测定分析,为西洋参的进一步开发和利用提供理论依据。方法:采用顶空固相微萃取(HS-SPME)技术结合气相色谱-质谱联用法(GC-MS)对西洋参的挥发性成分进行提取、分析与鉴定,采用色谱峰面积归一化法确定各成分的相对含量。结果:西洋参样品中共鉴定出151种成分,包括烃类99种、醇酚类21种、醛类7种,酮类8种,酯类1种,杂环类及其他成分15种。3年生吉林白山产西洋参根中鉴定出68种成分,质量分数98. 27%; 4年生吉林白山产西洋参根中鉴定出67种成分,质量分数98. 79%; 3年生美国产西洋参根中鉴定出65种成分,质量分数95. 81%; 4年生美国产西洋参根中鉴定出63种成分,质量分数99. 67%。4个西洋参样品的挥发油成分中的特有成分分别为24,23,19和23种,共有成分为16种。结论:不同产地的不同年限的西洋参的挥发性化学成分的含量和组成存在很大差异,该实验结果为未来西洋参药材质量评价研究以及资源的充分合理开发利用提供借鉴。

Comparison of Volatile Oil of Domestic and Foreign Panacix Quinquefolii Radix by HS-SPME/GC-MS

Objective: To determine the volatile chemical constituents of Panacix Quinquefolii Radix of different origins and different growth years,in order to provide the theoretical basis for the further development and utilization of Panacix Quinquefolii Radix. Method: Headspace solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to extract,analyze and identify the volatile constituents of Panacix Quinquefolii Radix. The chromatographic peak area normalization method was used to determine the relative amount of ingredients. Result: A total of 151 compounds were identified in Panacix Quinquefolii Radix samples,including 99 hydrocarbons,21 alcohol phenols,7 aldehydes,8 ketones,1 ester,15 heterocyclics and other compounds. Totally 68 kinds of compounds were identified in the roots of three-year-old Jilin Baishan,and the mass fraction accounted for 98.27%,67 compounds were identified in the roots of four-year-old Jilin Baishan,and the mass fraction accounted for 98.79%,65 compounds were identified in 3-year-old Panacix Quinquefolii Radix root,and the mass fraction accounted for 95.81%,and 63 compounds were identified in 4-year-old Panacix Quinquefolii Radix root,and the mass fraction accounted for 99.67%. The specific components of the volatile oil components of the four Panacix Quinquefolii Radix samples were 24,23,19,and 23,respectively,and the total composition was 16 species. Conclusion: The content and composition of volatile chemical constituents of Panacix Quinquefolii Radix of different origins are very different. This experiment provides a reference for the future quality evaluation of Panacix Quinquefolii Radix medicinal materials,rational development and utilization of resources.