2017学年上海市宝山区不同学习阶段学生的视力及屈光不正情况

目的：分析2017学年上海市宝山区不同学习阶段学生的视力及屈光度状况。

方法：采用分层随机抽样的方法，在宝山区幼儿园中班至高三共14个年级中共计3 002例。分别通过卡方和Kruskal-Wallis H检验，比较学生在不同学习阶段、不同性别方面的近视不良率、屈光不正率及不同视力不良程度上的差异。

结果：视力不良率随着学习阶段升高不断增长，从18.52%逐渐升至87.12%，不同学习阶段视力不良率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)，初高中男女生视力不良比例比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)，不同程度的视力不良率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)； 屈光不正类型主要为近视，不同学习阶段近视比例比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。

结论： 宝山区学生视力不良率较高，应重视学生眼保健工作。

Analysis on poor eyesight and ametropia in students of different learning stages in Baoshan District in 2017

AIM:To analyze the visual acuity and diopter of students at different learning stages in Baoshan District, Shanghai.

METHODS: By stratified random sampling, 3002 students were randomly selected from 14 grades of Baoshan from middle class in kindergarten to senior three in middle school. Chi-square analysis and Kruskal-Wallis H test were used to compare the difference of myopia rate, refractive error rate and visual impairment among students at different learning stages and gender.

RESULTS: With the increase of learning stage, the rate of poor eyesight increased from 18.52% to 87.12%. There were differences in the rate of poor eyesight among different learning stages(P<0.05). There were differences in the proportion of poor eyesight between boys and girls in junior and senior middle schools(P<0.05). There were differences in the rate of poor eyesight with different degrees(P<0.01). The proportion of myopia in different learning stages was different(P<0.05).

CONCLUSION:The rate of poor eyesight in students is high in Baoshan District. Attention should be paid to eye care of students.