肇庆市南药产业创新发展的问题与对策

肇庆市地处广东省中西部,西江干流中下游。肇庆西江流域多山地丘陵、土壤疏松肥沃、气候温暖、阳光和雨水充足,这些地理环境条件非常适宜南药生长。当地南药种植历史悠久,300多年前已开始种植肉桂。1980年代,在国家政策倡导下,南药种植规模迅速扩大,到目前发展形成了巴戟天、广佛手、何首乌及肉桂种植为代表的肇庆南药产业。肇庆也是这4种药材的道地产区,产品远销海内外,已形成了一定的产业规模。但当地南药产业发展仍然面临诸多难题,如缺乏整体规划,多以农户分散种植为主;药材种质混杂;病虫危害、农残和重金属污染;交易过程缺乏品质监管;缺少深加工、产品附加值低等问题。本文分析了肇庆市南药产业发展现状、优势以及所面临的问题,提出了相应的对策和建议,对促进当地南药产业发展具有一定的指导意义。

Problems and Countermeasures of Innovative Development of Southern Medicine Industry in Zhaoqing City

Zhaoqing city is located in the midwest of Guangdong province,the middle and lower reaches of the mainstream of the Xijiang river.Many species of southern medicines grow very well in the Xijiang river basin of Zhaoqing because of existing of enormous mountainous and hilly areas,loose and fertile soil,warm climate,as well as abundant sunshine and rain.Zhaoqing has a long history of cultivating some species of southern medicines.For example,Cinnamomi Cortex was planted more than 300 years ago in Zhaoqing.Under the advocacy of national policy,the planting scale of some species of southern medicines expanded rapidly since 1980s.Up to now,plantation of the 4 species of southern medicines,namely,Morindae Officinalis Radix,Citri Sarcodactylis Fructus,Polygoni Multiflori Radix and Cinnamomi Cortex,has developed into a important representative industry in Zhaoqing.Zhaoqing also develops into the genuine producing area of this 4 species of southern medicines currently,and these products are sold well at home and abroad.Although great progress has been made in southern medicine industry in Zhaoqing,there still exist lots of problems for its future development,such as scattering planting instead of overall program,impure germplasm resources,plant diseases and insect pests,pesticide residue and pollution of heavy metal,lack of quality control in trading process,as well as absence of deep-processing and additional value of products.This paper analyzes the development status,advantages and problems of southern medicine industry in Zhaoqing,and puts forward some corresponding measures and suggestions.These proposals may have important guiding significance for promoting the development of local southern medicine industry.