RS3型芭蕉芋抗性淀粉的减肥降脂作用及急性毒性分析

目的:评价芭蕉芋RS3型抗性淀粉对肥胖型高脂血症小鼠的减肥降脂作用,并进行安全性评价。方法:KKAy小鼠高脂饲料喂养20周,建立肥胖型高脂血症模型,随机分为模型组,辛伐他汀组(4 mg·kg~(-1)),RS3抗性淀粉高、低剂量组(2,1 g·kg~(-1)),并以维持饲料喂养的小鼠为正常组。给药组分别灌胃相应药物,正常组及模型组给予等量去离子水。8周后,处死小鼠,检测血清中总胆固醇(TC),甘油三酯(TG),高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C),低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)及天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST),丙氨酸氨基转氨酶(ALT)的含量,精密称量脂肪质量,计算脂/体比、体脂率及Lee's指数,伊红-苏木素(HE)染色观察肝脏及脂肪组织的病理学变化;采用限量法评价RS3抗性淀粉的安全性,连续观察14 d,记录小鼠毒副反应情况。结果:RS3抗性淀粉高剂量能显著降低小鼠体质量、脂肪质量、体脂率、脂/体比、Lee's指数,以及血清中TC,TG,LDL-C,AST,ALT水平(P 0. 05)。组织形态学检测显示,给予RS3抗性淀粉可以明显改善肝脏组织的脂肪病变情况,保肝作用明显,可以抑制脂肪细胞膨大,降低小鼠脂肪累积,以高剂量为优;急毒实验小鼠按36 g·kg~(-1)剂量给药后,动物未出现中毒反应及死亡。结论:RS3型芭蕉芋抗性淀粉具有良好的减肥降脂作用,且以高剂量组为佳,最大给药量证明无毒副作用,临床常用剂量安全可靠。

Effect of Canna edulis Type 3 Resistant Starch in Reducing Body Weight, Serum Lipid and Acute Toxicity

Objective: To evaluate effect of Canna edulis type 3 resistant starch(RS3) on weight loss and lipid reduction in obese hyperlipidemia mice and acute toxicity in mice. Method: KKAy mice were fed with high-fat diet for 20 weeks to establish a hyperlipidemia model and then randomly divided into model group,positive group (4 mg·kg^-1), high-dose resistant starch group and low-dose resistant starch group (2,1 g·kg^-1).Mice in normal group were fed with standard diet. The medication groups received corresponding drugs by gavage. Normal group and high-fat model group were given equal volume of deionized water. After 8 weeks,mice were put to death. The levels of total cholesterol (TC),triglyceride (TG),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C),aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in serum of mice were measured,and weigh fat mass,fat/body ratio,body fat rate and Lee''s index were calculated accurately. The pathological changes of liver and adipose tissue were observed byhematoxylin-eosin (HE). The acute toxicity of RS3 to mice was evaluated by limit test. The mice were continuously observed for 14 days, and the toxicity of mice was recorded. Result: The indicators of high-dose RS3 group were significantly reduced,such as body weight,fat mass,body fat rate,fat/body ratio,Lee''s index,and serum TC,TG,LDL-C,AST,ALT levels(P<0.05).Histomorphometric examination showed that the administration of RS3 starch could significantly improve the fatty lesions of liver tissue, and the liver-protecting effect was obvious, which could still inhibit the expansion of fat cells and reduce the accumulation of fat in mice.Among them, the high-dose group wsa better;After the maximum dose of 36 g·kg^-1 was administered,no toxic reaction and death occurred in the animals. Conclusion: RS3-type Canna Edulis Resistant Starch has a good effect in reducing body weight and serum lipid,with a better effect in the high-dose group and no toxicity. And the commonly used clinical dose is safe and reliable.