芎麻滴丸对血管性认知障碍大鼠社交行为的影响

目的 观察双侧颈总动脉结扎致血管性认知障碍大鼠社交行为的变化，探讨芎麻滴丸对其干预作用。方法 采用永久性结扎双侧颈总动脉法制备血管性认知障碍模型。实验大鼠随机分为假手术组（生理盐水10 mL·kg^-1），模型组（生理盐水10 mL·kg^-1），芎麻滴丸高剂量组（生药1.5 g·kg^-1），芎麻滴丸低剂量组（生药0.75 g·kg^-1）。模型制备第28，42天采用Morris水迷宫对大鼠的学习记忆能力进行测试；模型制备第7，14，28，42天用社交行为仪检测大鼠社交能力的变化。结果 模型制备第7，14天大鼠社交行为无明显变化，模型制备第28天和第42天，模型组大鼠持续接触时间减少（P<0.05）；模型制备第42天，模型组大鼠接触次数减少，逃避潜伏期显著增加，穿越平台次数显著减少（P<0.01）。与模型组大鼠相比，模型制备第28天，芎麻滴丸高剂量组大鼠接触次数显著增加（P<0.05）；芎麻滴丸高、低剂量组大鼠持续接触时间显著增加（P<0.05或<0.01）；模型制备第42天，芎麻滴丸低剂量组大鼠接触次数和持续接触时间增加（P<0.05），芎麻滴丸高、低剂量组大鼠逃避潜伏期显著减少（P<0.01）。结论 模型制备第42天大鼠出现学习记忆障碍；模型组大鼠第28天大鼠开始出现社交行为障碍，经芎麻滴丸干预后，接触时间和接触次数增加，即可认为其有效缓解由双侧颈总动脉结扎造成的社交能力障碍，且低剂量效果优于高剂量。

Effect of Xiongma Dropping Pills on Social Behavior of Rats with Vascular Cognitive Impairment

OBJECTIVE To observe the changes of social behavior of rats with vascular cognitive impairment induced by bilateral common carotid artery occlusion and to explore the intervention effect of Xiongma Dropping pills. METHODS The model of vascular cognitive impairment was established by permanent ligation of bilateral common carotid arteries. The rats were randomly divided into sham-operation group(saline 10 mL·kg^-1), model group (saline 10 mL·kg^-1), Xiongma Dropping pills high-dose group(crude drug 1.5 g·kg^-1) and low-dose group(crude drug 0.75 g·kg^-1). Morris water maze was used to test the learning and memory of the rats in the 28th day and the 42th day. Social behavior was used in 7th, 14th, 28th, 42th day after operation to observe the social skills of rats. RESULTS There was no significant difference in social behavior between the 7th and 14th day after model preparation. On the 28th day and the 42th day, the duration of continuous contact in the model group decreased(P<0.05). On the 42nd day, in model group, the number of contacts decreased, the escape latency increased, and the times of crossing platforms also decreased. Compared with the model group, on 28th day of model preparation, the number of contacts in the Xiongma Dropping high dose group was significantly increased (P<0.05), the continuous contact time of the Xiongma Dropping pills high and low group was significantly increased (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The number of contact and continuous contact time of rats in the low dose group increased(P<0.05), and the escape latency of rats in high and low dose group decreased significantly on 42nd day after operation. CONCLUSION On the 28th day of bilateral common carotid artery ligation in rats, social behavior disorder begin to appear, and the learning and memory impairment occur on the 42nd day after model preparation. After the intervene of Xiongma Dropping pills, the contact time and the number of contacts has been increased, it can be considered effective relieving on social barriers caused by bilateral carotid artery ligation, and the low dose effect is better than the high dose.