介入诊疗中重要站立区域辐射剂量的测定与评价

目的 给出介入诊疗中重要站立区域的概念，测量这一区域辐射剂量的分布并分析其特点，为介入工作人员特别是第一术者的放射防护提出建议和理论依据。方法 在重要站立区域内，从距地面10cm处向上至180cm处，每10cm选取一个测量点，选用介入诊疗中比较常用的冠脉造影程序，分3种状态：①不使用床上、下防护屏。②使用床上、下防护屏。③使用床上、下防护屏和铅衣防护进行辐射剂量的测定。每实验点重复测量3次，取算术平均值，经刻度校正并折算为mGy／h。结果 成功测量3种状态下的相关数据并绘制介入诊疗中重要的站立区域剂量分布示意图。结论 对第一术者重要站立区域内的辐射防护在整个介入放射防护体系的建立中具有重要的地位，应足够重视这一区域的放射防护。要注意尽可能的联合选用多种防护手段，特别不要忽视上、下防护屏和铅衣的选用。建议在第一术者足踝前部放置一活动铅挡板，或把下防护帘延长至地面以保护下肢足踝部。

Measurement and evaluation of X-ray doses in important standing areas during invasive diagnosis and treatment

Objective To raise a concept on important standing areas during invasive diagnosis and treatment,measure doses of Xray radiation,and evaluate distributing characteristics within these areas in order to give suggestions on radiation protection for operators,especially for the principal operator. Methods We measured doses of Xray radiation from 10 cm to 180 cm above the round within important standing areas during coronary angiography,by choosing a measurement site in every 10 cm away from the radiation field's center.We measured doses of Xray radiation 3 times at every measurement site under 3 different conditions:no shields were used,using upper and lower radiation protection shields,and using these shields in combination with shielding clothes. Results We successfully measured doses of Xray radiation in important standing areas during invasive diagnosis and treatment under 3 different conditions,and depicted the distributing sketch maps of doses of Xray radiatin. Conclusion Radiation protection within important standing areas during invasive diagnosis and treatment plays a vital role in building the invasive radiation system,so we should attach improtance to radiation protection within these areas.Furthermore,we had better use more protection mothods simultaneously,especially the upper and lower protection shields.;