肿瘤病人中心静脉置管化疗的护理

目的为了预防和减少化疗药物致静脉炎及渗漏性损伤的发生。中心静脉置管需长期或反复给药,是一种可以减轻病人痛苦、方便治疗的常用技术。方法对16例肿瘤患者采用中心静脉置管进行化疗药物输入。结果经临床观察,静脉炎和渗漏性损伤的发生率降为0,除1例因置管而发生感染外。其余15例患者无发生皮肤局部血肿及静脉栓塞,全部完成了化疗周期,拔管后伤口愈合好。结论掌握好局部解剖位置和操作要领是置管成功的关键,严格无菌操作是预防导管感染和堵管的关键。该方法操作简便、安全、有效,且可长期留置,间断给药既保证病人按时化疗又减少化疗致静脉炎及渗漏性损伤的发生,是减轻病人的痛苦,提高护理质量的好方法,值得临床应用。

Nursing on Tumor Patients Treated with Chemical Therapy by Central Venous Catheterization

Objective To prevent and reduce the incidence of phlebitis and extravasation injury caused by chemical drugs.Central venous catheterization administration needs a long period and repeating intervenous drop infusion,to reduce affliction of patients,and make common medical technology convenient.Methods To treat 16 tumor patients with chemical drugs by central venous catheterization.Results The incidence of phlebitis and extravasation injury was 0,except one case was infected caused by catheterization.The rest 15 cases didn't have bouts of skin hematoma or vein embolism,and they finished the whole period of chemical therapy,the wound healed up well after extubation.Conclusion To master the local anatomy and operation main points well is the key of catheterizing successfully.This method is simple,safe,effective,and can keep for a long period.Interrupted drug administration can promise that patients take chemical therapy on time,decrease the incidence of phlebitis and extravasation injury caused by chemical therapy,reduce the anguish of patients and improve the quality of nursing.