膝关节周围骨挫伤诊治研究进展

骨挫伤是由一定暴力作用下导致皮质下骨髓水肿、出血及骨小梁断裂，进而引起局部疼痛。骨挫伤可见于全身各部位，最常见于膝关节。过去临床医生对骨挫伤的认识不够，也未引起足够重视，常以软组织挫伤来处理。但有些患者疼痛症状却长期存在，对患者生活及工作带来了极大影响。近年来由于MRI的普及，以及临床医生对骨挫伤的重视，关于膝关节周围骨挫伤的研究越来越多。但膝关节周围骨挫伤相关的治疗方案、对关节的远期影响等还未形成统一意见。鉴于此，本文就膝关节周围骨挫伤的损伤病因、发病机制、诊断标准、分型、治疗方案等做一概述，以期为临床创伤科医师做一参考。

Progress of study on diagnosis and treatment of bone contusion around knee joint

Bone contusion is caused by direct or indirect violence, bone marrow edema, bleeding and trabecular bone fracture, which can lead to local pain. Bone contusion can be found in all parts of the body, mostly in the knee joint. In the past, as the doctors didn't know enough about the bone contusion and did not pay enough attention to it, the bone contusion was often treated as soft tissue contusion in clinical treatment. This leads to that some patients still had pain symptoms in a long time after treatment, exerting a great impact on the patient's life and work. In recent years, due to the popularity of MRI and the doctor's attention to bone contusion, more and more researches on bone contusion were con-ducted. But the opinions on treatment options related to bone contusion around knee joint and the long-term impact on the joint are not yet uniform. This article focuses on the cause of bone contusion around knee joint, pathogenesis, diag-nostic criteria, classification, treatment, in order to provide a reference for doctors.