硼镁石粉杀灭钉螺的现场试验研究

目的 验证硼镁石粉杀灭山区钉螺的效果及其对鱼类的毒性。方法 喷洒杀螺试验:硼镁石粉80、200g/m2、氯硝柳胺2g/m2组和清水对照组进行比较。鱼毒试验:硼镁石粉1000mg/L、氯硝柳胺2mg/L组和清水对照组进行比较。结果 喷洒杀螺试验:硼镁石粉80、200g/m2组施药后30d有螺框出现率、活螺平均密度明显下降,与清水对照组比较差异有非常显著性(P<0.01),与氯硝柳胺组比较差异无显著性(P>0.05)。硼镁石粉80、200g/m2组与氯硝柳胺组钉螺死亡率分别达到95.37％、93.66％和96.74％;与对照组比较,差异有非常显著性(P<0.01);硼镁石粉80、200g/m2组与氯硝柳胺组之间差异有显著性(P<0.05)。说明硼镁石粉具有较好的杀螺效果,但不及氯硝柳胺。鱼毒试验;硼镁石粉1000mg/L大剂量环境下,未见鱼死亡,初步提示该药对鱼类低毒。结论 硼镁石粉适合山区和水产养殖区灭螺。

STUDY ON MOLLUSCICIDAL EFFECT WITH MAGNESIUM BORATE ORE POWDER IN FIELD

Objective To validate the molluscicidal effect and the toxicity to fish of magnesium borate ore powder (MBOP) in montane areas. Methods The snail test, which had 4 groups including 80 g/m2 dose of MBOP, 200 g/m2 dose of MBOP, 2 g/m2 dose of niclosamide and fresh water as control, was performed by sprinkle method. The test of the toxicity to fish, which had 3 groups including 1 000 mg/L dose of MBOP, 2 mg/L dose of niclosamide and fresh water as control, was also performed. Results In the snail control test, the rate of living snails frame and average density of living snails in 80, 200 g/m2 doses of MBOP groups decreased obviously after 30 days. There was much significant difference between MBOP groups and water control group (P<0. 01), and no significant difference between MBOP groups and niclosamide group (P>0. 05). The mortalities of snails in 80, 200 g/m2 doses of MBOP and niclosamide groups were 95. 37%***93. 66% and 96. 74% respectively and were much significantly different compared with water control group (P<0. 01). There was a significant difference between MBOP and niclosamide groups for the mortalities of snails (P<0. 05). MBOP had good molluscicidal effect but not as good as niclosamide. In the test of the toxicity to fish, fish did not die in 1 000 mg/L dose of MBOP. So MBOP had low toxicity to fish. Conclusion MBOP is suitable to control the snail in montane areas and aquiculture areas.