北京市顺义区居民健康知识知晓率调查

目的了解北京市顺义区居民健康知识水平,掌握薄弱环节以及影响因素,为制定健康教育策略和措施提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样的方法,随机抽取6个村,3个居委会,每村(居委会)随机抽取80～100户,年龄为18～79岁的常住人口进行问卷调查,共调查801人。结果顺义区居民健康知识知晓率为72.26%,安全与急救知识知晓率最高,达77.53%;而慢性病预防知识知晓率最低,为66.02%。从年龄看,30～39岁知识知晓率最高,40岁以后知识知晓率呈下降趋势,60岁以上年龄组知识知晓率最低。同时随着学历、经济收入的增高,健康知识知晓率也逐步增高。结论顺义区居民健康知识知晓水平总体不高,距离85%的指标要求还有较大距离。因此,在今后的健康教育工作中,要充分考虑到文化程度、经济条件以及年龄等因素对社区居民接受健康知识的影响,针对不同人群制定切实可行的健康教育工作实施方案,以提高社区居民的健康素质,确保2018年全民健康知识知晓率达到85%以上的工作目标。

Awareness survey of health knowledge among residents in Shunyi District of Beijing City

Objective]To understand the health knowledge level in Shunyi District of Beijing,to identify the weak links and influencing factors,and provide scientific evidence for developing health education strategies and measures.Methods]Multi stage stratified random cluster sampling method was adopted to randomly selected 80-100 households from 6 villages.A total of 801 residents aged 18-79 years were surveyed by questionnaire.Results]The residents’ health knowledge awareness was 72.26%,the maximum of awareness was safety and first aid knowledge,reaching 77.53%,and the minimum was chronic disease prevention knowledge(66.02%).For the age aspect,30-39 years age group had the highest knowledge level,while knowledge level after the age of 40 years declined,>60 years age group had the lowest awareness rate.Along with increasing of education background and income,health knowledge awareness was gradually increased.Conclusion]The general knowledge level about the health among residents is not high in Shunyi District,far from 85% of the indicator.Therefore,in future health education,the effect of educational level,economic conditions and factors such as age on health knowledge reception of community residents should be given full consideration to develop practical implementations of health education program for different groups so as to improve the health literacy of community residents,and to achieve the goals of national health knowledge awareness reaching up to 85% in 2018.