椎动脉第三段的显微解剖研究

目的 研究椎动脉第三段(V3)的形态特点,为临床应用提供解剖学依据.方法 10例(20侧)成人尸头标本,解剖观察V3段形态结构,测量椎动脉和枕动脉长度、外径等解剖数据.结果 V3段有明显而连续的多个弯曲,V3段全长(50.93±8.23)mm,未见明显解剖变异.结论 V3段的连续弯曲可适应头颈部复杂的运动,V3段的显露常采用枕下远外侧入路,枕下三角是术中暴露识别V3段的重要标志.

Microsurgical anatomy of the third segment of vertebral artery

Objective To accumulate the morphological data of the third segment of vertebral artery and to provide the basis of microvascular anatomy for clinical treatment. Method Ten adult cadaver heads (20 sides)were used in the study. The morphology of the third segment of vertebral arteries was observed and their dimensions were measured with the aid of an operating microscope. Results The third segments of the vertebral arteries were tortuous. The external diameters of left vertebral arteries(4. 01 ±1.12)mm were larger than that of the right ones (3.45± 0. 32) mm. The length of the third segment of the vertebral artery was(50. 93 ±8. 23)ram. There was no significant anatomic variation. Conclusions The third segment of vertebral artery is tortuous to enable the movements of neck. The far-lateral approach is often used to expose the third segment of vertebral artery. The suboccipital triangle may be an anatomic marker for the third segment of vertebral artery.