西部四地50岁及以上农村人口年龄相关性白内障患病率调查

目的 调查我国西部省份青海、云南、贵州和广西50岁及以上人群年龄相关性白内障(ARC)患病率.方法 采用整群抽样方法,抽取青海平安、云南楚雄、贵州六盘水、广西崇左地区年龄≥50岁的农业人口共5562人进行横断面调查.视力低于0.7同时存在任何类型晶状体混浊且波及瞳孔区者诊断为ARC;将晶状体混浊分为核型、皮质型及后囊下型,3种或其中任意2种同时存在判定为混合型;根据LOCSⅡ对晶状体混浊程度分级.结果 青海、云南、贵州和广西4个人群的ARC总患病率分别是41.8%、48.2%、18.8%和39.4%;随着年龄的增加,ARC患病率明显升高.青海平安、贵州六盘水晶状体混浊以皮质型最多见,云南楚雄、广西崇左以核型最多见;4个地区均以后囊下型所占比例最低.4个地区ARC患者中4种不同类型晶状体混浊的程度均呈现分级由低到高而比例由高到低的变化趋势;晶状体混浊4级的比例以青海平安最高,为17.49%;广西崇左最低,为10.00%.结论 我国西部地区50岁及以上农村人口的ARC总体患病率较高,各地区之间存在明显的差异,防盲治盲工作应对西部ARC患病率高的地区有侧重.

Prevalence of age-related cataract among adults aged 50 and above in four rural areas in Western China

Objective To assess and compare the prevalence of age-related cataract(ARC)among adults aged 50 years or older in Western China.Methotis Questionnaire survey and ophthalmologic examination were conducted among 5562 permanent rural residents aged 50 years and above in Ping'an County,Qinghai Province,Chuxiong City,Yunnan Province,Liupanshui City,Guizhou Province,and Chongzuo City,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous region,selected by cluster sampling.All lenses were graded and classified for lens opacities by slit lamp,using the Lens Opacification Classification System(LOCS)Ⅱ and standard photographs.Definite ARC Waft,defined as either LOCS Ⅱ nuclear opalescence of grade 1.0 or more and/or cortical cataract of grade 1.0 or more and/or posterior subcapsular cataract of grade 1.0 or more in persons with the visual acuity worse than 10/16.Resuits The overall response rate was 88.4％.The prevalence rates of ARC in one or both eyes Was 41.8％in Qinghai,48.2％in Yunnan,18.8％in Guizhou and 39.4％in Guangxi.After age correction under the data of China Census 2000.The age-adjusted prevalence of ARC correspondingly changed to 44.1％ in Qinghai,45.9％in Yunnan,18.8％in Guizhou,and 32.8％in Guangxi.The prevalence of ARC increased significantly with increasing age.In those eyes with ARC.eortical cataract Was more common in Qinghai and Guizhou,while nuclear cataract Was more comlnon in Yunnan and Guangxi.The proportion of grades 4 lens opacities in Qinghai Was 17.49％,higher than those in Yunnan。Guizhou,and Guangxi(15.58％,11.03％,and 10.00％respectively).Conclusions Generally the ARC prevalence among the permanent rural residents aged 50 and above in Western China is higher than that in Eastern China.And there iS difference in the prevalence rate among different areas.Special attention should be paid toward this situation.