螺旋CT图像后处理技术诊断小儿气管、支气管非金属异物的价值

目的: 评价螺旋CT图像后处理技术诊断小儿气管、支气管非金属异物的价值.材料和方法: 109例气管、支气管非金属异物患儿,经螺旋CT扫描后分别进行多平面重建(MPR)、CT仿真内窥镜(CTVE)、表面遮盖显示(SSD)和最小密度投影(MinP)4种图像后处理成像技术,并根椐诊断行小儿支气管内窥镜异物摘取术.结果: 术中取出气管异物27例、右侧支气管异物53例、左侧支气管异物18例、双侧支气管异物1例、气管并左侧支气管异物2例、气管并双侧支气管异物2例;另有3例未见明确异物,1例异物位于Ⅲ级支气管无法取出,1例由于喉头水肿纤维支气管镜无法通过并手术,1例术前突然窒息死亡.螺旋CT 4种图像后处理技术对异物的显示率分别为MPR 97.2%、CTVE 94.4%、SSD 83.2%、MinP 70.1%.结论: 螺旋CT图像后处理技术结合原始轴位像对小儿气管、支气管非金属异物诊断迅速、准确,具有重要的诊断价值.

The Value of the Postprocessing Technique of Spiral CT Images in the Diagnosis of Non-metal Foreign Bodies of Trachea and Bronchus in Children

Purpose: To evaluate the value of the postprocessing techniques of spiral CT images in the diagnosis of non-metal foreign bodies of trachea and bronchus in children. Materials and Methods: After 109 children with non-metal foreign bodies in the trachea and bronchus were scanned by sipiral CT, the images were made by four image postprocessing techniques, including MPR, CTVE,SSD, MinP. Following CT diagnosis, the foreign bodies were taken out under endscopy. Results: During the operation, there were 27 cases whose foreign bodies were extracted from trachea, 53 cases from right bronchus, 18 cases from left bronchus, 1 case from bilteral bronchi, 2 cases from trachea and left bronchus and 2 cases from trachea and bilateral bronchi, in addition, 3 cases did not find identity foreign bodies, 1 case did not succeed because of the foreign bodies located at the III grade of bronchus, 1 case failed because of aryngeal edema and 1 case suddenly was died from suffocation before opertion. The showing rate of foreign bodies in the trachea and bronchus was 97.2% by MPR, 94.4% by CTVE, 83.2% by SSD, 70.1% by MinP respectively. Comclusion: Spiral CT imaging postprocessing technique combining with the original axial imaging can rapidly , accurately diagnosis non-metal foreign bodies of trachea and bronchus in children and has important diagnostic value.