铁离子对大脑毒性的研究进展

铁离子广泛存在于脑组织各部位,基底神经节含量最高,红核、黑质和齿状核较多,大脑皮质和小脑相对较少。铁毒性作用主要基于芬顿化学作用,铁与活性氧中间物反应,可产生高反应的自由基。脑内不同的细胞对铁超载及血红蛋白的防御反应,都可引起对神经元的毒性作用。自由铁通过产生的自由基对脑有高度的毒性作用,然而,在脑损伤和脑出血中铁的浓度是否是导致神经元损伤和死亡的必然因素,血液是否是促使神经元死亡的原因尚不是很清楚。

Research Progress of Toxicity of Iron Ion to Brain

Iron ion exists extensively in each part of brain tissue,mostly in basal ganglia,more in red nucleus,substantia nigra and dentate nucleus,less in cerebral cortex and cerebellum.Toxic effect of iron is mainly based on Fenton chemical actions,the actions of iron and reactive oxygen intermediates,generate highly-active free radicals.Various cells in brain have the defensive reaction against iron overloading and hemoglobin,which can all induce the toxicity effect in neuron.Free iron produced free radical has high toxicity to brain.Whether the density of iron is a necessary factor to induce neuron injuries and death and if cerebral hemorrhage can promote the neuron death is still not clear.