胎儿颈项透明层在产前超声中的研究进展

近年来,产前超声在降低围生儿出生缺陷率上起着重要作用。在早孕期如果超声发现胎儿结构异常,如颈项透明层增厚等,尤其经介入性检查证实胎儿有染色体异常,孕妇即可进行流产终止妊娠,从而避免妊娠中晚期引产对产妇造成更大的创伤,因此在孕11～13+6周进行胎儿超声检查发现胎儿异常的意义重大。为了明确超声测定胎儿颈项透明层厚度在产前诊断中的意义,现就国内外文献对胎儿颈项透明层与产前超声的关系进行综述。

Research Progress of Fetal Nuchal Translucency in Prenatal Ultrasound Scan

In recent years,prenatal ultrasound scan has become the most important method of reducing birth defects.If chromosomal abnormalities and other defects,such as increased nuchal translucency thickness,could be detected in a fetus by scanning,especially by invasive procedure,then the termination of a pregnancy could be carried out to avoid the trauma caused by the third trimester induction of labor.Thus it is extremely important to carry out a prenatal ultrasound scan at 11-13+6 week pregnancy.Here is to make a review and summary of both international and domestic researches in this area to figure out the importance of the fetal nuchal translucency thickness in the prenatal diagnosis.