Graves病动脉栓塞治疗并发症分析

目的探讨甲状腺动脉栓塞治疗Graves病的并发症及其产生因素。方法对28例Graves病患者的甲状腺动脉造影、介入栓塞治疗、并发症及其产生因素进行分析,并作中期随访。结果1年有效率78.6%(治愈 好转),复发率14.2%。脑梗死2例(7.1%),1例治疗后恢复,1例并发甲状腺功能亢进危象抢救无效死亡;1例术后有一过性甲状腺功能减退,1例术后发生一过性甲状旁腺功能减退,无永久性的甲状腺和甲状旁腺功能减退;1例术后有较重的栓塞后综合征反应。其余并发症均经治疗后消失,随访至少1年以上,无其他不良反应。结论反流误栓是甲状腺动脉栓塞术治疗Graves病并发症产生的重要原因,栓塞时必须作超选插管、避开危险吻合、防止反流误拴,严格透视下操作,以期降低并发症、提高疗效。

Analysis of complications in thyroid arterial embolization for hyperthyroidism caused by Graves' disease

Objective To investigate complications and causes of thyroid arterial embolization for hyperthyroidism caused by Graves' disease. Methods Twenty-eight patients with hyperthyroidism caused by Graves' disease had been treated through transcathter arterial embolization with mid-term follow up. The thyroid angiography, interventional treatment, complications and causes were investigated. Results Followed up for over one year(12 - 24 months), mid-term rate of efficiency was 78.6% with recurrent rate of one year being 14.2%. Two patients(7.1%)had brain infarction with one partially recovered after proper therapy and the other died due to subsequent hyperthyroidism crisis. One case had temporary hypothyroidism, and another hypoparathyroidism but no permanent hypothyroidism or hypoparathyroidism occurred. One patient suffered relatively severe post-embolization syndrome. All the other complications disappeared after proper treatment. Followed up for more than a year, no other complications occurred. Conclusion Misembolization due to regurgitation of embolized agent is one of the most important factors leading to complications of arterial embolization for Graves' disease. In order to reduce complications and improve therapeutic efficacy, it is essential to superselectively catheterize the thyroid, avoid dangerous anastomose, prevent regurgitation misembolization and strictly operate under fluoroscopy. (J Intervent Radiol, 2006, 15: 457-459)