基于模型的功能磁共振成像方法研究综述

基于模型的功能磁共振成像(fMRI)方法是新世纪以来在神经影像领域兴起的极具发展潜力的研究方法。相比传统的影像学方法,它可以深入探究特定的认知过程是如何在一个特定的脑区以及脑区环路中实现的,而不仅仅是标识某个任务活动的最终激活脑区,并能揭示模型内部变量与神经影像数据之间的关联,为有效探测大脑功能活动提供重要手段。重点综述基于模型的fMRI方法的两类常用计算模型框架(单脑区建模包括强化学习模型和主观价值模型,脑区交互作用建模采用心理-生理交互作用模型),简述近年来该方法的应用状况和最新进展,并讨论该方法的不足及未来发展趋势。

The Review of Model-Based fMRI Approach

Model-based fMRI approach has emerged as a promising potential technique in neuroimaging field since the new century. Compared to conventional fMRI approach, model-based fMRI approach can provide insight into how a particular cognitive process is implemented in a specific brain area or brain circuit as opposed to merely identifying where a particular process is located. It can reveal the relationship between internal variable of the model and the neuroimaging data, which provides an important approach to investigate brain functional activity effectively. This article mainly focused on the model-based fMRI approach in terms of the two computational frameworks (modeling single area: including reinforcement learning model and subjective value model; modeling brain areas interaction: psychophysiological interaction), and briefly described the application of model-based fMRI approach as well as its latest progress. Finally, we discussed the existing deficiencies of this approach and a prospect for its future development trend.