二维超声产前筛查胎儿先天性心脏病的临床意义

目的探讨二维超声在产前筛查胎儿先天性心脏病的作用。方法以胎儿四腔心切面为基础，左心长轴切面。左右室流出道及心底短轴切面为主要切面。对30910例18～24w胎儿心脏进行筛查，发现严重心脏畸形者予以引产，其它异常者追踪至分娩，进行新生儿超声心动图检查，明确先天性心脏病类型。结果发现胎儿各种先天性心脏畸形25例（伴胎儿多发畸形5例）。其中心内膜垫缺损8例，单腔心2例，左右心发育不良各1例，右室双出口2例，三尖瓣下移1例，永存动脉干1例，心脏肿瘤3例，右位心2例，室间隔缺损4例。结论二维超声是产前筛查胎儿先天性心脏病的有效方法。

Clinical significance of two - dimension ultrasound for the prenatal screening of congenital heart disease

Objective ： To investigate the effectiveness of two - dimension ultrasound for the prenatal screening of congenital heart disease （CHD）. Methods： In the routine prenatal examination by 2D ultrasound we chose the four- chambers as the basic view, Left ventricle long - axis and Short - axis view as the primal views. 37916 fetal hearts were examined between 18 and 24 weeks of gestation. The fetuses diagnosed CHD were taken abortion or examined by echoeardiography postnatal. Results： 25 cases of fetal CHD were diagnosed prenatal （5 cases of them were accompanied with other abnormalities）. 8 were endocardial cushion defects, 2 were single lumen cardias, 1 was hypoplastic left ventricle, 1 was hypoplastic right ventricle, 2 were double outlet right ventricles, 1 was downward displacement of tricuspid valve, 1 was truncus arteriosus persistens, 3 were cardiac tumors, 2 was aristocardias, 4 was ventrieular septal defects. Conclusions ： Two - dimension ultrasound is the effective method for the prenatal screening of fetal CHD.