政治体制对政府医疗卫生支出及健康产出的影响综述

大多数发展中国家的政府医疗卫生支出及健康产出长期处于较低水平,与发达国家有较大差距。这种差距并不能仅仅由经济因素解释,政府主导了卫生资源的分配,因此分析理性政府在公共资源分配中的激励问责机制尤为重要。本文分析了政治体制对政府提供医疗卫生服务的激励问责机制,综述了近年来有关政治体制影响政府医疗卫生支出及健康产出的实证研究。大量研究结果表明与非民主政治体制相比,民主政治体制在增加政府医疗卫生支出、提高健康产出方面有显著的积极作用。

A review of the effects of the political regime on government health care expenditure and health outcomes

Government health care expenditure and health outcomes in most developing countries have been kept in a low level for a long time, with great disparities compared to developed countries. These disparities cannot simply be attributed to economic factors. With government controlled health resource allocation, it is thus important to analyze appropriate accountability in governmental allocation of public resources. This paper analyzed the accountability mechanism of political regime on medical care services. A review will be made of the impact of political regime on government health care expenditure and health outcomes in recent years. A lot of research shows that democratic political regime has a positive impact on improving government health care expenditure and health outcomes compared with nondemocratic political regime.