中国人群中15个短串联重复序列位点的突变研究

目的对亲子鉴定中常用的PlowerPlex16(R)系统的15个短关重复序列(short tandem repeat, STR)位点的突变现象进行研究.方法在1921例确定亲权的案例中,对PlowerPlex16(R)系统的15个STR位点的突变现象进行了分析.结果在1921例确定亲权的案例中有70例(3.644%)观察到了突变,其中1例是两个位点同时突变(D21S11 and PentaD)、1例是2个子代不同位点发生突变(D7S820 and D16S539).在3764次减数分裂中,15个STR位点共观察到有72例突变,突变率为0.128%±1.104×10-3.vWA 和D21S11的突变率最高(0.292%),TH01和TPOX位点没有发现突变.父源突变是母源突变的5倍.大多数(98.611%)突变的等位基因为一步突变,一个重复单位的增加突变与减少突变之比为1.8261.只发现1例多步突变,表现为PentaD位点的等位基因的增加2个重复单位.在PlowerPlex16(R)系统中,D8S1179、Penta D、D13S317、D16S539、D7S820、D5S818、D3S1358、TH01和 TPOX 9个位点突变率低,更适用于亲权鉴定.结论 STR位点的突变是一个较为常见的现象,常使亲子鉴定中亲权认定变得更加复杂,因此筛选突变率低的稳定STR位点对于亲子鉴定非常重要.

Mutations of 15 short tandem repeat loci in Chinese population

OBJECTIVE: To explore the mutations of 15 short tandem repeat (STR) loci in PlowerPlex16 System which are world-widely used in parentage testing. METHODS: Mutations of 15 STR loci in PlowerPlex16 System were investigated in 1921 parentage testing cases from Chinese population. RESULTS: In 1921 parentage cases, seventy cases (3.644%) were found to have mutations. Among these were one case with double mutations (D21S11 and PentaD) and another case with two different mutations (D7S820 and D16S539) in two children. The total number of mutated STR loci observed was 72 over 3764 meiosis with a mutation rate of 0.128% +/- 0.1104% x 10(-3). The highest mutation rate was 0.292% at vWA and D21S11. No mutation was observed at TH01 or at TPOX. The mutated alleles coming from father were five times more than those from mother. The majority (98.611%) of mutated alleles were the results of one-step mutation. The ratio of one-step gain versus loss was 1.826:1. There was only one multiple-step mutation with a double-repeat gain observed at PentaD locus. In the PlowerPlex16 System, nine loci, namely D8S1179, Penta D, D13S317, D16S539, D7S820, D5S818, D3S1358, TH01 and TPOX, have lower mutation rates and are more suitable for parentage testing. CONCLUSION: Mutation of STR is relatively common and often makes parentage testing more complicated. Selecting stable STR locus with low mutation rate is more important in parentage testing.