论医学伦理选择中的权变问题

由于医疗过程所处具体情境的特殊性或复杂性,即使是真诚认同医学伦理原则的人们,也会存在有意识或无意识地偏离某项医学伦理应用原则的情形.虽然这种偏离只是通权达变,但对医学伦理原则的影响十分巨大.医学伦理选择中的权变行为作为特殊情况下的变通措施,具有内在的必要性和合理性,但这只是对某项医学伦理原则的暂时性偏离,而非根本否定.在不同伦理原则发生冲突的情况下,伦理选择的权变要求对不同医疗行为的伦理价值进行判断与选择.恰如其分的医学伦理权变,依赖于医务工作者的高度理性,依赖于对各种医疗方案的伦理价值所做的正确判断.

Contingency in medical moral choices

Because of the uniqueness and complexity of medical facilities that provide medical care,even people who sincerely agree to principles of medical ethics would consciously fall away from certain principle of medical ethics. Although such deviation is mere expedient, enormous impact is imposed on the principles of medical ethics. Contingency in moral choices, being an expedient under specific circumstances, is inherently necessary and justifiable. However, temporary deviation does not negate a principle. When there are conflicts of principles, contingency in medical moral choices requires that the moral values of different medical behaviors be judged and choices be made. Appropriate contingency in medical moral choices depends on the rational beliefs of medical staff and the right judgment about moral values of different medical plans.