广州市越秀区1139名青少年健康相关行为调查

目的了解广州市青少年的主要健康相关行为,为青少年健康教育工作及制定干预措施提供依据。方法采取整群随机分层抽样法,抽取广州市越秀区2所初中、3所高中和1所大学校共1 139名学生,对饮食、运动与吸烟饮酒情况进行问卷调查。结果广州市青少年健康危险行为主要有缺乏体育锻炼、喝酒、吸烟。初中生喝饮料、吃西式快餐、喝牛奶、吃早餐比例分别为26.7%、9.8%、54.9%、81.6%,高中生分别为18.0%、4.9%、41.2%、91.3%,均高于大学生(8.0%、3.4%、18.8%、64.2%);男生(7.1%)吃西式快餐比例高于女生(4.6%),而男生(75.0%)吃早餐比例低于女生(85.9%)。随着年龄的增大,1周内青少年每天活动至少1 h的天数相对减少;男生每周活动时间比女生长。结论缺乏体育锻炼、吸烟和喝酒普遍存在于广州市青少年当中,有必要采取干预措施,广泛开展各种健康促进活动。

Investigation on behaviors related to health in adolescent at Yuexiu District in Guangzhou City

Objective To understand the behaviors related to health in adolescent in Guangzhou City so as to provide the evidence for improving health education and prevention measures. Methods A total of 1 163 students were selected with a stratified cluster sampling method in 2 middle schools, 3 senior middle schools and 1 university at Yuexiu District in Guangzhou City, and they were investigated with questionnaire for the behaviors of diet, exercise, drinking, and smoking. Results The high health risk factors were lack of physical exercises, drinking, and smoking. The ratios of drinking juice, eating Western fast food, drinking milk and having breakfast in the junior middle school students （26.7%, 9.8%, 54.9%, 81.6% ）and senior middle school students（ 18.0%, 4.9%, 41.2%, 91.3% ） were much higher than those in university students（2.0 %, 3.4 %, 18.8 %, 64.3 % ）. The ratio of eating Western fast food, in boys （7.1% ） was much higher than that of girls （4.6 % ）, but the ratio of having breakfast in boys （75.0 % ） was much lower than that in gifts （85.9%）. For the exercises （more than 60 minutes one day）, the number of students were decreasing with the increasing of their age, and boys took more time in sports than girls. Conclusions Lack of physical exercise, smoking and drinking are comment behaviors among adolescent in Guangzhou City It is necessary to take inventions and effective measures to promote health initiatives.