区域性门静脉高压症的诊治

目的总结区域性门静脉高压症的诊治经验.方法回顾性分析16例区域性门静脉高压症的临床表现、诊断方法、治疗措施和疗效.结果16例区域性门静脉高压症中,合并胰腺疾病12例,未发现明确胰腺疾病4例.临床表现主要为脾肿大16例(100%)、腹痛10例(63%)、消化道出血7例(44%)、腹部肿块3例(19%).肝功能检查均正常.诊断方法主要为超声、CT和内镜.7例行彩色多普勒检查均提示脾静脉主干栓塞(7/7).增强CT可明确脾门周围及胃短静脉、胃网膜静脉扩张、迂曲(16/16).胃镜检查示孤立性胃底静脉曲张(4/5).脾脏切除对治疗消化道出血效果确切,发生门静脉栓塞1例.结论超声、CT和内镜检查联合特殊的临床特点,诊断区域性门静脉高压症并不困难.治疗上提倡个体化原则,但对有消化道出血者,应行脾脏切除术.

Diagnosis and management of regional portal hypertension

Objective To summarize the experience of diagnosis and management of regional portal hypertension. Methods The clinical manifestations, diagnostic methods and therapeutic modalities of 16 cases of regional portal hypertension were analyzed retrospectively. Results Among 16 patients with ~regional portal hypertension, 12 cases resulted from pancreatic diseases, and 4 cases were complicated with non-pancreatic diseases. The main clinical findings were splenomegaly in 16(100%), abdominal pain ~in 10(63%) , gastrointestinal bleeding in 7(44%) and abdominal masses in 3(19%). All had normal liver function test. The main diagnostic methods were ultrasonography(US), computerized tomography (CT) and endoscopy. Splenic vein thrombosis could be detected by color Doppler ultrasonography (7/7). ~Enhanced CT could demonstrate enlarged and tortuous short gastric veins, gastroepiploic veins, and ~coll- ~ateral vessels around splenic hilum(16/16). Isolated gastric varices (4/5) were revealed mainly by ~gastro- ~scopy . Splenectomy was effective for controlling gastrointestinal bleeding, and its complication of portal vein thrombosis occurred in 1 case. Conclusions It is not difficult to diagnose regional portal ~hyper- ~tension based on findings of US and CT, together with special clinical characteristics. Therapeutic options should be ~individualized according to underlying diseases, however, splenectomy should be performed in the ~patients with gastrointestinal bleeding.