甲氨蝶呤对妊娠小鼠滋养细胞bcl-2/bax表达的影响

目的探讨甲氨蝶呤（MTX）促进滋养细胞凋亡、抑制滋养细胞增生的机制。方法建立正常妊娠小鼠模型、MTX妊娠小鼠模型,运用免疫组化方法检测两组小鼠孕13 d滋养细胞bax、bcl-2的蛋白表达;同时运用原位细胞凋亡（TUNEL）检测两组小鼠孕13 d的滋养细胞凋亡情况。结果与正常妊娠模型小鼠相比,MTX妊娠模型小鼠滋养细胞bax蛋白表达较强（P〈0.01）,bcl-2蛋白表达减弱（P〈0.01）;MTX妊娠模型小鼠滋养细胞凋亡指数明显高于正常妊娠模型小鼠（P〈0.01）。结论 MTX抑制滋养细胞增生、促进滋养细胞凋亡,可能是通过调节bax、bcl-2蛋白的表达实现的。

Effects of methotrexate on expression of trophocyte bcl-2/bax in pregnant mice

Objective To discuss the mechanism to the promotion of trophocyte apoptosis and the inhibition of trophocyte proliferation by methotrexate(MTX).Methods The models of normal pregnant mice and pregnant mice receiving MTX were established.Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the protein expression of trophocyte bax and bcl-2 in the mice of the two groups in 13 d of pregnancy.Meanwhile the apoptosis of trophocyte in those mice was detected by TUNEL.Results The protein expression of trophocyte bax in the MTX models was higher than that in the normal pregnant model(P<0.01).And compared with the protein expression of bcl-2 in the latter model,that in the former model decreased significantly(P<0.01).The apoptotic index of trophocyte in the MTX models was significantly higher than that in the normal pregnant models(P<0.01).Conclusion The inhibition of trophocyte proliferation and the promotion of trophocyte apoptosis by MTX may be through regulating the expression of bax and bcl-2 proteins.