新疆察布查尔锡伯自治县锡伯族胆囊疾病的流行病学调查

目的:了解新疆察布查尔锡伯自治县锡伯族胆囊疾病的患病率及其危险因素。方法:采用典型抽样后再随机抽样的方法对察布查尔锡伯自治县两个乡18岁以上居民进行调查。依据该地区人口学资料,计划按人口比例1/28随机调查800人,应用统一制定的新疆地区胆囊疾病危险因素调查表,对研究对象进行入户问卷调查,同时预约腹部B超检查肝脏和胆囊。结果:803名居民参加调查问卷填写,其中资料完整者609名成为调查研究对象,调查应答率为75.8%。新疆察布查尔锡伯自治县锡伯族胆囊疾病的患病率为79.3%,其中单纯急或慢性胆囊炎、胆囊结石、胆囊息肉及胆固醇沉积或结晶的患病率分别为57.1%、13.8%、7.4%、1.0%。多项Logistic回归分析显示,锡伯族胆囊疾病的危险因素为BMI≥25 kg/m2、不吃或偶尔吃早餐、睡眠时间短及饮茶习惯(OR值分别为4.221,3.500,3.219,2.401,P值均<0.05)。结论:新疆察布查尔锡伯自治县锡伯族人群中胆囊疾病的患病率高于全国水平,胆囊疾病的发生与肥胖、不吃或偶尔吃早餐、睡眠时间短和饮茶习惯有关,而与性别和年龄无关。

An epidemiological survey of gallbladder diseases in Qapqal Xibe autonomous county of Xinjiang

Objective: To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of gallbladder diseases in Qapqal Xibe autonomous county of Xinjiang.Methods: The typical sampling followed with random sampling method was adopted for sampling in the residents (age over 18) of two towns of Qapqal Xibe autonomous county.According to local demographic data,randomized survey with the unified questionnaire of gallbladder disease risk factor in Xinjiang region was carried out in 800 people.Meanwhile,abdominal ultrasonic examination for liver and gallbladder was performed on each subject.Results: Questionnaires were completed in 75.8% of the designed population.The prevalence of gallbladder diseases was 79.3% in Qapqal Xibe autonomous county of Xinjiang.The prevalence of cholecystolithiasis,gallbladder polyps,simplex cholecystitis and cholesterol deposit or crystallization were 13.8%,7.4%,57.1% and 1.0%,respectively.According to multiple logistic regression analysis,the risk factors of gallbladder diseases were obesity(BMI ≥25 kg/m2),irregular breakfast,short sleep and tea consumption(OR values were 4.221,3.500,3.219 and 2.401,respectively). Conclusion: The prevalence of gallbladder diseases is higher in Qapqal Xibe autonomous county than the national level.Obesity,irregular breakfast,short sleep and tea consumption are proven risk factors.However,gender or age is not correlated with the prevalence of gallbladder diseases.