谷氨酰胺对隐匿性压疮老年大鼠SOD、CPK及LDH的影响

目的探讨早期补充外源性谷氨酰胺（glutalnin,Gln）对老年大鼠隐匿性压疮的干预作用。方法将20只老年SD大鼠,随机分成对照组、模型组、Gln组。对照组、模型组均采取普通饲料,自由摄食饮水方式喂养。Gln组给予普通饲料加（3.2 g/（kg.d）的Gln灌胃喂养。对照组不受压,模型组和Gln组承受22.47 kPa压力2 h后,3组大鼠一起实施安乐死。肉眼观察3组大鼠受压部位皮肤颜色和形态;光镜下观察皮肤肌肉组织病理变化;测定血清中超氧化物歧化酶（superoxidedismutase,SOD）、肌酸磷酸激酶（creatine phosphokinase,CPK）的活性和含量及乳酸脱氢酶（lactate dehydro-genase,LDH）漏出液的变化。结果模型组、Gln组大鼠皮肤虽完整,但受压局部皮肤出现持续性发红现象。光镜下模型组大鼠复层鳞状上皮变薄,结构层次欠清晰,表皮与真皮部分分离。肌纤维有断裂迹象,轻度水肿,间隙增宽。真皮和肌肉组织中均可见明显炎性细胞浸润。Gln组皮肤上皮组织仍为复层鳞状上皮,上皮结构较模型组清楚,真皮内炎性细胞浸润较模型组少。肌纤维排列较模型组紧密,有轻度断裂和水肿迹象,炎性细胞轻度浸润。对照组与模型组比较,SOD、CPK、LDH,P〈0.01,均有统计学意义。Gln组与模型组比较,SOD、CPK、LDH,P〈0.05,均有统计学意义。结论 Gln可提高抗氧化能力、减轻血管内皮损伤,从而降低老年大鼠压疮发生率。

Influence of Glutamine on Superoxidedismutase,Creatine Phosphokinase and Lactate Dehydrogenase in Elderly Rats with Occult Pressure Sore

Objective To explore the intervention role of early supplementary glutamine（Gln） during the process of occult pressure sore in elderly rats.Methods Twenty elderly SD rats were randomly divided into control group,model group and Gln group.Control group and model group were fed with normal diet,and free ingestion of drinking water.Gln group was additionally fed with 3.2 g/（kg·d） Gln.The control group was not under pressure,the model group and Gln group underwent 22.47 kPa pressure.Tow hours later,all rats were sacrificed.The skin color and shape of the areas under pressure were observed with naked eye.The pathological changes of the skin muscle tissue were observed under the light microscope.The activity and content of serum superoxidedismutase（SOD）,creatine phosphokinase（CPK） and lactate dehydrogenase（LDH） transudate changes were determined.Results Model group and Gln group were all normal in skin,nevertheless parts of their skin under pressure appeared sustainable aglow.Under the microscope,the multicoat scalelike epidermis of model group was thinner than before,the structure was blurred,and the epidermis was partly peeled from the corium.The muscle fiber was ruptured with a light dropsy and wider gap.The corium and the muscle fiber were infiltrated by inflammatory cells.The epithelial tissue of skin in Gln group was still multicoat scalelike epidermis with clearer epithelial structure and less infiltrated corium inflammatory cells than model group.Their muscle fiber was arranged more closer than model group with light fracture,edema and infiltration by inflammatory cells.The levels of SOD,CPK and LDH in Gln group and model group wse significantly different（P〈0.05）.Conclusion Gln can improve the oxidation resistance and reduce the vascular endothelial injury,which can reduce the incidence of pressure sore in elderly rats.