急性肺栓塞患者的临床观察与护理策略

目的：通过观察96例急性肺栓塞症患者的临床特点，分析本病的危险因素、症状、年龄以及性别的特点，得出相关的护理策略。方法：将2005年至2011年间我院收治的96例急性肺栓塞症患者的危险因素、年龄与性别关系以及治疗前后症状体征变化进行分析和统计学处理。结果．96例患者存在不同危险因素，以血栓性静脉炎占61％、慢性心肺疾病占3．1％，手术及外伤各10．4％，恶性肿瘤占4．1％；糖尿病占6．2％；无明显诱因占4．2％；②发病高峰为61--70岁。其中女性患者占59．3％，男性患者占27．1％；③临床症状以不明原因的气促或者呼吸困难为首发症状。结论：①危险因素以血栓静脉炎多见；②男性较女性好友，随着年龄的增长肺栓塞的发病率随之增加；③临床症状以不明原因的气促或呼吸困难为首发症状的居多。通过对肺栓塞的各种危险因素，早期症状、体征的，正确评估，提出了相关的整体护理和出院指导，对肺栓塞患者的诊治及预防并发症的发生起到了积极的作用。

Clinical Observation and Nursing Strategy of Impatient with Acute Pulmonary Embolism

Objective： Through observing the clinical features of 96 patients with acute pulmonary era- bolism patients and analyzing the risk factors, symptoms, age, can reach appropriate care strategy. Method ：We analyzed and and gender characteristics for the disease, we disposed the dangerous factors, age, sex and the change around the treatment by statistics methods, from the 96 patients of acute pulmonary thromboembo- lism that my hospital accepted and cured during 2005-2011. Result：（1）There＇re different risk factors in 96 patients , accounted for 61 % of thrombophlebitis, chronic heart and lung disease accounted for 3. 1% ~ 10. 4% each of the surgery and trauma, cancer accounted for 4.1% ; diabetes accounted for 6.2% ~ no obvious incentive accounted for 4.2%. （2）The peak incidence was 61-70 years old ,which accounted for 59.3% of the female patients, male patients accounted for 27. 1% ; （3） Unexplained shortness of breath or difficulty breathing is the first symptom in clinical. Conclusion： （1）Thrombophlcbitis is the most common dangerous factor; （2）Males are more vulnerable than females. With the increasing of age , the incidence of pulmonary embolism increased as well; （3）The shortness mon initial symptom. Care strategy： Through of breath or the dyspnea with unknown origin is the most com- a variety of risk factors for pulmonary embolism, early symp- toms, signs and correct assessment , then put forward the overall care and discharge instructions, it played a positive role in the diagnosis and treatment,also include prevent complications of patients with pulmonary em- bolism.