气导和骨导ABR在先天性外耳道闭锁小儿听力评估中的应用

目的研究先天性外耳道闭锁小儿气导和骨导短声诱发的听性脑干反应（auditory brain stem response，ABR）的特点，评价骨导ABR的应用价值。方法将受试者分为两组。组1（闭锁组）为16例（21耳）先天性外耳道闭锁患者，年龄在1～13岁之间，平均为5．62岁；组2（对照组）为正常听力小儿15例（25耳）。年龄在1～13岁之间，平均为6．1岁。比较两组气、骨导ABR的特点。结果闭锁组气、骨导ABR反应阈值分别为（73．81±7．4）dBnHL和（6．19±4．98）dBnHL，正常组分别为（23．20±4．76）dBnHL和（5．60±5．07）dBnHL。30dBnHL刺激强度下闭锁组骨导ABR潜伏期与对照组相比差异无显著性。闭锁组气、骨导ABR阈值差值与正常组相比差异有显著性。结论骨导ABR可以用于评估先天性外耳道闭锁患者的耳蜗功能。

Air- and bone-conduction auditory brain stem responses for hearing assessment in children with congenital external auditory canal atresia

Objective To characterize air- and bone-conduction click-evoked auditory brain stem responses (ABRs) in children with congenital external auditory canal atresia and assess the valua of bone conduction ABRs in the clinic. Methods Air- and bone-conduction click-evoked ABRs in 16 children with congenital malformations of the external ear (aged l-13years) were compared to those in 15 age-matched normal-hearing children. Results ABR threshold was 73.81 ± 7.4 dB nHL for air conduction and 6.19 ± 4.98 dB nHL for bone conduction in children with external auditory canal malformation;and 23.20 ± 4.76 dB nHL and 5.60 ± 5.07 dB nHL respectively in normal hearing children. While the air-bone ABR threshold gap was greater in children with ear canal atresia than in normal hearing children, bone-conduction ABR wave V latency was not statistically different between the two groups. Conclusion Bone conduction ABR is valuable in assessing cochlear reserve in individuals with congenital atresia of the external auditory canal