2015-2018年宁河区哨点医院食源性疾病监测分析

目的了解宁河区食源性疾病致病菌流行特征、感染及分布情况,为制订食源性疾病防控策略提供科学依据。方法收集2015-2018年哨点医院宁河区医院消化科、儿科、急诊科、肠道门诊等科室,以腹泻症状为主诉的符合食源性疾病的病例为监测对象。采集患者粪便标本或肛拭子标本检测致泻性大肠埃希菌、沙门菌、志贺菌、副溶血性弧菌。结果检测食源性疾病标本共515份,检出致病菌128株,总检出率为24.85%。副溶血性弧菌、致泻性大肠埃希菌、沙门菌和志贺菌检出率分别为10.49%、9.13%、4.27%、0.97%。4～10月发病率最高为71.30%。0～7岁发病率最高为23.50%。急诊科、儿科、肠道门诊和消化科阳性率分别为29.24%、26.82%、19.49%、14.89%。结论为预防和阻止食源性疾病的发生和流行,需持续加强监测及健康宣传力度,同时建议卫生行政部门加强监督管理,从而确保广大群众的饮食安全和身体健康。

Monitoring and analysis of foodborne diseases in sentinel hospital of Ninghe district from 2015 to 2018

Objective To understand the epidemic characteristics, infection and distribution conditions of foodborne disease pathogens in Ninghe district, and to provide scientific basis for formulating prevention and control strategies of foodborne disease. Methods From 2015 to 2018, monitoring objects were collected from the cases of digestive department, pediatrics department, emergency department, intestinal clinic and other departments of Ninghe District Hospital of sentinel hospital with diarrhea symptoms as the main complaint. Stool samples or anal swab samples were collected to detect diarrhoeal Escherichia coli,Salmonella, Shigella and Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Results A total of 515 cases of foodborne diseases samples were detected, 128 strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected,with a total detection rate of 24.85%. The detection rates of Vibrio parahaemolyticus,diarrhoeal Escherichia coli,Salmonella and Shigella were 10.49%,9.13%,4.27% and 0.97%,respectively. The incidence rate was the highest from April to October,reaching 71.30%. Children aged 0-7 had the highest incidence rate,reaching 23.50%.The positive rates of emergency department, pediatrics department, intestinal clinic and digestive department were 29.24%, 26.82%, 19.49% and 14.89%, respectively. Conclusion In order to prevent and stop the occurrence and spreading of foodborne diseases, monitoring and health publicity needed to be continuously strengthened. At the same time, it was suggested that health administrative departments should strengthen supervision and management, so as to ensure the food safety and health of the masses.