Ability of polymorphonuclear leukocytes to generate active oxygen species in children with bronchial asthma. Use of chemiluminescence probes with a Cypridina luciferin analog and luminol.

Airway inflammation with polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) may play an important role in bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR). PMN generate superoxide anion (O2-) and other oxygen radicals that can damage lung tissue. We investigated the ability of peripheral PMN of children with bronchial asthma and control subjects to generate O2- and other active oxygen species using a 2-methyl-6-(p-methoxyphenyl)-3,7-dihydroimidazo1,2-a]pyrazin++ +-3-one, a highly sensitive and specific chemiluminescence (CL) probe for O2-, and luminol-dependent CL. The ability of PMN of subjects with asthma to generate O2- and other active oxygen species was significantly greater than that of PMN of control subjects when stimulated with opsonized zymosan (OZ), phorbol myristate acetate or N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine. Furthermore, in the same asthmatic children, the generation of O2- and other active oxygen species was significantly higher with attacks than without attacks when PMN were stimulated with OZ. We also demonstrated that O2- generation correlated with the degree of BHR to inhaled histamine. These results suggest that PMN of asthmatic children, especially those with attacks, generate more active oxygen species than that of control subjects and that airway inflammation caused by O2- may be closely related to BHR in subjects with bronchial asthma.